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Det finns en mångfald av olika sorters ytor, men en speciell delmängd av dem, de kompakta och sammanhängande, kan beskrivas i sin helhet av objekt som kallas schema. Det är med dess schema och deras egenskaper som vi kommer att bevisa vårt huvudresultat; Att all sådana ytor kan beskrivas av tori, projektiva plan eller sfären.The study of surfaces is a specific subcategory of manifolds. In simpler terms, surfaces are topological spaces which are locally similar to the plane. One may think of a sphere, a cube or a donut. There has long been a desire to classify all of these surfaces, and the goal of classifying a certain subset, the compact and connected ones, go back to 1861 when möbius tried. Unfortunately he did not

Chronic stress is an escalating global issue that implies significant challenges. The Scandinavian region, including Sweden, faces a substantial obstacle in addressing this problem due to long waiting queues for psychological help. In Sweden, individuals may have to endure a wait of up to 12 weeks, while in Denmark, the waiting period can be as long as 20 weeks. Consequently, there is an urgent ne

Sending remittances is a deeply personal act influenced by cultural and social norms, as well as familial expectations. This thesis aims to explore how these influences shape the decisions of Filipino migrants in Sweden to send remittances and the following impact on their emotional bonds and familial relationships. By simplifying the complex phenomenon of remittances, the study investigates the m

Platser som har bevittnat några av historiens mest fruktansvärda händelser har blivit stora turistattraktioner, besökta av miljontals människor. Detta fenomen har populariserats under termen "Dark Tourism". Men hur behandlas egentligen det mörka arvet på dessa platser? Hur väljer de olika aktörerna att bruka, eller icke-bruka, sin tragiska historia för att sälja biljetter? Denna studie uFrom beach, sun and sex to death, disaster and misery - A study about the use of history within Dark Tourism. Sites that have witnessed some of history’s most horrific events have become major tourist attractions, visited by millions of people. This phenomenon has been popularized under the term 'Dark Tourism.' But how is the dark heritage of these places actually treated? How do the stak

The traditional water kettle, while functional, often struggles to adapt to the evolving needs of modern consumers and to integrate seamlessly into contemporary home environments. This thesis reimagines the kettle through a user-centric design approach, addressing limitations in usability and aligning with current and future consumer demands. Through observation, interviews, sketching, prototyping

Böcker och läsning är ett centralt motiv i berättelsen om Jane Eyre (1847), vilket på många sätt bidrar till framställningen av karaktärisering, världsbygge och narrativets framfart. Det finns särskilt samband mellan framställningen av böcker och läsning och framställningen av makt och maktdynamiker i Jane Eyre. Tidigare forskning om böcker och läsepraktiker i Jane Eyre har fokuserat på den allusiBooks and reading are a central motif within the narrative of Jane Eyre (1847) by Charlotte Brontë and contributes in many ways to the depiction of characterisation, world-building, and the progression of the narrative. In particular, there are correlations between the depiction of books and reading and the depiction of power and power dynamics in Jane Eyre. Previous research into books and readin

I detta arbete har en Minimum viable product (MVP) för en applikation utvecklats, som gör det säkrare att avveckla och ta bort endpoints för ett REST API. Tidigare arbete har visat att hanteringen av avvecklingen av endpoints i REST API:er är ett problem, där REST API:er inte följer protokoll för avveckling och borttagning. Applikationen är gjord för att tillhandahålla ett enkelt sätt att övervakaIn this thesis - a Minimum viable product (MVP) for an application aimed at making deprecation and removal of REST API endpoints safer - was developed. Previous work has shown that handling deprecations and removal of endpoints in REST APIs is a problem, with REST APIs not following deprecation-removal protocols nor giving the API consumers the information needed to properly update their software.

What determines whether a change is meaningful or not, and how can it be assessed? Distribution-based methods of assessing meaningful change focuses on statistical significance, while anchor-based methods use other ways of measuring the same construct as the original scale (e.g., PHQ-9), such as expert assessments or other rating scales. This study intends to introduce and validate a novel way of

I takt med att världens befolkning växer ökar även mängden genererat hushållsavfall, vilket utgör en betydande påverkan på miljö och samhälle. Under 2018 genererades cirka 2 miljarder ton avfall globalt, en siffra som förväntas stiga till 3,4 miljarder ton till 2050. En stad som på senare år har gjort stora framsteg inom avfallshantering är Rwandas huvudstad Kigali, känd som Afrikas renaste stad. This master’s thesis explores a Waste-to-Energy solution for Kigali, specifically focusing on the Mpazi Rehousing Project. Kigali faces challenges with Solid Waste Management (SWM) despite its reputation for cleanliness and efficient urban planning. It aims to transform biowaste into biogas, contributing to sustainable urban development and reducing waste at Nduba landfill. The research addresses

Poly- och perfluorerade alkylsubstanser, även kallade PFAS, är en grupp av kemikalier som har använts i ett flertal olika typer av produkter, bland annat brandskum. Dessa ämnen är särskilt problematiska eftersom de är svårnedbrytbara, vilket innebär att de kan finnas kvar i miljön under lång tid efter ett utsläpp. De kan också ha en relativt hög rörlighet i mark- och vattenmiljön, vilket innebär aPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is a group of synthetic organic compounds that has been used in a wide range of products, including fire extinguishing foam which represents the greatest source in Sweden. Their chemical properties make them toxic for humans and most living species, although research is still on-going to determine the specific toxicity of each compound in the family. A la

Wilhelm Röpke was a german economist best known as one of the founders of ordoliberalism. After the second world war Röpke was instrumental in rebuilding the German economy, and he is therefore most of all known as an economic thinker. This thesis, however, is centered around his sociological and political thoughts, as well as his ideas on the economy. It examines the ideas presented in his 1941 w

Pollution and its impact on the environment is one of the greatest problems facing humanity today. Since the building sector is responsible for 40\% of the total carbon dioxide emissions, it is important to investigate the sector to see how emissions can be reduced. Due to timber having a smaller impact on the environment compared to steel and concrete, it is of substance to investigate the possib

Prebiotics are complex carbohydrates that are selectively fermented by beneficial gut bacteria, resulting in the production of health-promoting metabolites, such as organic acids like lactic acid, acetic acid, intermediates for butyrate and propionate. Baobab (Adansonia digitata) fruit contains many small seeds, often used for oil production. It’s by-product, baobab seed press cake, is rich in lig

High Tech security solutions refer to advanced and innovative technologies designed to protect assets, data and individuals from various threats. These systems offer benefits that traditional security measures cannot match. Examples of high Technology security solutions include Biometric Access Control that uses fingerprints, iris and facial recognition, Surveillance drones with cameras for monito

This project is an exploration of what product longevity is, the role of the user and how to design for a desired behaviour. This project is conducted through two parts. The first part aims to learn from professionals in the field through a study trip to Stockholm and Östersund, whereas the second part presents a chance to portray these findings through the development of a physical object in co-o

In this thesis, a fault detection and diagnosis system is developed for the Crazyflie 2.1 unmanned aerial vehicle. Different types of faults are investigated and suitable methods and tests are implemented. The system is mainly developed for the lighthouse positioning, but the tests and methods are generic and suitable for other parts of the Crazyflie eco-system. For the faults investigated, differ

The “Endangered Oddballs” project addresses the pressing issue of biodiversity loss by using sculptures as a medium for raising awareness and funds for endangered species. Using a combination of artistic interpretation and scientific research to create a series of figures that accurately represent lesser- known endangered animals. The research method involves close observation and study of each sp

More and more cities are being marketed as green. Malmö has since the late 90ies transformed from a city in great economic downturn to being internationally known for its green profile, attracting companies, tourists and professional visitors. Despite its reputation of being the city of parks Malmö has the second to least green space per person in all of Sweden’s urban areas, and it’s shrinking. T

Large Language Model-based systems, such as ChatGPT, have gained tremendous popularity in recent years. These computational systems generate natural language text in a conversation-like manner, relying on “deep learning” to produce statistically probable language patterns. Many studies have focused on the potentials of such systems, including tasks that are intended to test for natural language un