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The increased risk for fracture with age is associated not only with reduced bone mass but also with impaired bone quality. At the microscale, bone quality is related to porosity, microstructural organization, accumulated microdamage and intrinsic material properties. However, the link between these characteristics and fracture behavior is still missing. Bone tissue has a complex structure and as
We evaluated a structured education- and exercise-based self-management program for patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA), using a registry-based study of data from 44,634 patients taken from the Swedish “Better Management of Patients with Osteoarthritis” registry. Outcome measures included a numeric rating scale (NRS), EuroQol five dimension scale (EQ-5D), Arthritis self-efficacy scale (A
Corynebacterium is a genus that can contaminate blood cultures and also cause severe infections like infective endocarditis (IE). Our purpose was to investigate microbiological and clinical features associated with contamination and true infection. A retrospective population-based study of Corynebacterium bacteremia 2012–2017 in southern Sweden was performed. Corynebacterium isolates were species
Tunneling field-effect transistors (TFET) based on a vertical gate-All-Around (VGAA) nanowire (NW) architecture with a core-shell (CS) structure have been explored for future CMOS applications. Performance predictions based on a tight-binding mode-space NEGF technique include a drive current \mathrm{I}-{\mathrm{o}\mathrm{n}} of 6.7\ \mu \mathrm{A} (NW diameter \mathrm{d}= 10.2\ \mathrm{nm}) at \ma
Histatin 5, an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) found in the saliva, has been investigated in two studies, and in two different perspectives. In the first study, the structural properties of a conjugated histatin 5 fragment is characterized in an effort to explain its enhanced fungicidal properties. It was discovered that the conjugated molecule, spermidine, does not affect the conformation
Scanning small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements were performed on 36 formalin-fixed reast tissue biopsies obtained from two patients. All samples contained microcalcifications of ype II, i.e. ormed by hydroxyapatite. We demonstrate the feasibility of classifying breast lesions by canning SAXS of issues containing microcalcifications with a resolution of 35 μm x30 μm. We eport a character
Det ropas allt högre om att forskare ska samverka med det omgivande samhället. Det är rop som vittnar om en stor tilltro till att morgondagens vetenskapliga genombrott garanteras genom att kunskap produceras i samverkan. Men vad betyder det att samverka? Är den alltid att föredra? Främjar eller kanske rentav hotar samverkan kunskapsproduktion i samhället?Denna essäsamling syftar till att belysa oc
We have studied the geometry and electronic structure of the P-cluster in nitrogenase in four oxidation states: PN, P1+, P2+, and P3+. We have employed combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) calculations, using two different density-functional theory methods, TPSS and B3LYP. The calculations confirm that the side chain of Ser-188 is most likely deprotonated in the partly oxid
Tunnel Field-Effect Transistors (TFETs) are an emerging alternative to CMOS for ultralow power and neuromorphic applications. The off current (Ioff) and, hence, the subthreshold swing (S) in these devices are limited by ambipolarity, which degrades its capabilities in complementary circuits. Here, we investigate experimentally vertical InAs/InGaAsSb/GaSb nanowire TFETs with gate-drain underlap as
What can a music teacher do in a school where half of the students belong to minority cultures? In music education research there are many reports on the important role music has in preventing social exclusion. These reports refer to music’s power to serve both as aim and means to build efficient learning environments in multicultural schools (see for example Bamford, 2006; Bauer, 2005; Beck, 1993
The evolution from a Goods-dominant logic (GD-logic) into a Service-dominant logic (SD-logic) is marked by fundamental changes in how we leverage resources for innovation. The current paper offers a review of SD-logic resources within the field of Information Systems (IS). It uses a scoping review method of papers from the senior scholars’ basket of journals and the two flagship IS conferences: EC
In this Letter, we report on the creation of hard x-ray beams carrying orbital angular momentum of topological charge −ℏ and −3ℏ at a photon energy of 8.2 keV via spiral phase plates made out of fused silica by ultrashort-pulsed laser ablation. The phase plates feature a smooth phase ramp with a 0.5 μm nominal step height and a surface roughness of 0.5 μm. The measured vortex beams show submicrome
Two in situ 'nanoreactors' for high-resolution imaging of catalysts have been designed and applied at the hard X-ray nanoprobe endstation at beamline P06 of the PETRA III synchrotron radiation source. The reactors house samples supported on commercial MEMS chips, and were applied for complementary hard X-ray ptychography (23 nm spatial resolution) and transmission electron microscopy, with additio
The recent success in the development of high-precision printing techniques allows one to manufacture free-standing polymer structures of high quality. Two-photon polymerization lithography is a mask-less technique with down to 100 nm resolution that provides full geometric freedom. It has recently been applied to the nanofabrication of X-ray compound refractive lenses (CRLs). In this article we r
Wavefront errors of rotationally parabolic refractive X-ray lenses made of beryllium (Be CRLs) have been recovered for various lens sets and X-ray beam configurations. Due to manufacturing via an embossing process, aberrations of individual lenses within the investigated ensemble are very similar. By deriving a mean single-lens deformation for the ensemble, aberrations of any arbitrary lens stack
In recent years, ptychography has revolutionized x-ray microscopy in that it is able to overcome the diffraction limit of x-ray optics, pushing the spatial resolution limit down to a few nanometers. However, due to the weak interaction of x rays with matter, the detection of small features inside a sample requires a high coherent fluence on the sample, a high degree of mechanical stability, and a
Nanofocus x-ray diffraction is used to investigate the structure and local strain field of an isolated (In,Ga)N/GaN core-shell microrod. Because the high spatial resolution of the x-ray beam is only 80×90 nm2, we are able to investigate several distinct volumes on one individual side facet. Here, we find a drastic increase in thickness of the outer GaN shell along the rod height. Additionally, we
Due to the weak interaction of X-rays with matter and their small wavelength on the atomic scale, stringent requirements are put on X-ray optics manufacturing and metrology. As a result, these optics often suffer from aberrations. Until now, X-ray optics were mainly characterized by their focal spot size and efficiency. How- ever, both measures provide only insufficient information about optics qu
The hard x-ray scanning microscope at beamline P06 of PETRA III at DESY in Hamburg serves a large user community, from physics, chemistry, and nanotechnology to the bio-medical, materials, environmental, and geosciences. It has been in user operation since 2012, and is mainly based on nanofocusing refractive x-ray lenses. Using refractive optics, nearly Gaussian-limited nanobeams in the range from
