AbstractModern medicine and health care rely on a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic equipment and methods that involve ionizing radiation. To guarantee quality and the safety of patients and staff, advanced radiation detectors and dosemeters are needed that have low energy and operate with directional independence for X-ray and γ-ray photons. Similar instruments are also of great importance fo

The purpose of this paper is to understand the relationship between the formal (governance established in law) and informal institutions (governance not established in law) that underpin the planning, operation and improvement of local and regional public transport, by using case studies of four countries: Britain (more specifically England, outside London); the Netherlands; Germany; and Sweden. T

Recent research on public transport has seen increasing focus on issues like coordination, collaboration and steering in complex governance settings. One of the themes in this field of research is related to partnership approaches, as one way of stimulating functioning collaboration between formally independent private and public organisations. The aim of this paper is to explore the role and func

This paper is about collaboration in public transport governance. Drawing upon the emerging literature that views collaboration through the lens of networks, we explore why and how regional public transport authorities collaborate with both municipalities and public transport operators in the planning of public transport. We also explore the advantages and disadvantages of such collaborations. Bas

This paper analyzes how public transport planning is managed in institutional contexts where governance is spread across local and regional scales. The paper sheds light on two facets of the relationship between local and regional government: first, the decision-making process regarding where to provide public transport services and at what level, and second, integration of public transport with l

The article scrutinizes planners’ stories of innovation in contemporary public transport planning in three Scandinavian contexts (Denmark, Sweden and Norway). This analysis is accomplished by adapting Judith Butler’s post-structural feminist critical theory on performativity to the planning context. This theoretical framework is used to illuminate how planning is dynamically renewed, revised and c

A land use policy shift is taking place in a growing number of cities regarding parking, whereby a conventional supplymanagement approach is being replaced with a parking management approach. As part of this policy shift, manycities are lowering their parking requirements. This study analysed changes in car use, car ownership, spatial parkingpatterns and the consequences for the everyday life of r

Objective: In Sweden, a joint action method called SMADIT is in use, where the police quickly offer help from the social services or the dependency care and treatment service to suspected drink drivers. The objective of this article is to analyze the experiences of suspected drink drivers who accepted the offer of help and what it meant for them. The knowledge can be used to improve procedures and

Informed by the concept of strategy making, this paper analyses the ability of spatial planning to support local climate change transitions towards sustainable transportation in two case studies of planning in Swedish municipalities with comparatively high climate ambitions. The analysis shows that the expectations on planning to effect change need to be moderated. Not even in these climate-ambiti

Previous research has shown integrated planning to be important for achieving aims concerning more environmentally friendly transport operations, but less good at explaining prerequisites of implementation. This paper analyses how management and working practises in local authorities, here understood as steering cultures, affect implementation of integrated land-use and public transport planning a

Previous studies have identified implementation problems connected to sustainable mobility. These difficulties raise the question of which strategies can be successfully pursued to break path dependencies in urban policy making. This article is focused on corporate mobility management as one specific example of sustainable mobility initiatives, and analyses the formation and implementation of a tr

Background and aim In most European countries, the often difficult policy process of setting and implementing speed limits on specific roads is delegated to public administration on local and regional levels. The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze the perspectives and priorities of regional actors, specifically planners and elected officials within public administration, concerning t

Background and aim: Transport planning faces new demands for a dialogue with users. Transport planners no longer just build roads; nowadays they also must listen to users, whose wishes are meant to have an impact on the design and maintenance of the road transport system. Yet how can we know what users really want? This article sets out to analyze the methods with which transport planners gather i

This article analyses how urban authorities manage goals of sustainable development in decentralized planning contexts when faced with economic growth opportunities offered by a powerful development actor. This challenge is described and analysed in a comparative case study of how two Swedish cities handled the issue of new IKEA stores in decision-making and planning. The analysis centres on how p

Though new goals for sustainable cities and transport systems have been developed, decisions and planning at a local level often fail to achieve these ambitions. The purpose of this article is to analyse the factors in local decision-making and planning practice that conduce to urban sprawl and increased car traffic. The article analyses how the conscious application of so-called "day-to-day decis

Objective: To describe and analyze a measure that has been introduced in Sweden with the objective of quickly offering treatment for the alcohol or drug problems suspected drink or drug drivers may have. The goal of the measure is that every suspected drink or drug driver shall, as soon as apprehended by the police, be offered contact with the social services or the dependency are and treatment se

PurposeThe paper analyzes power effects of the strategy discourse to create a more profound understanding of how strategy seen as a discourse constitutes certain identities and practices among communication practitioners. The following two research questions has been posed to concretize the overall aim of the study: 1) What has the strategy discourse meant for practitioners understanding of themse

Cooling buildings in urban areas with hot-arid climate put huge loads on the energy system. There is an increasing trend in urban energy studies to recognize the urban design variables and parameters associated with the energy performance of buildings. In this work, a novel approach is introduced to investigate the impacts of urban morphology on cooling load reduction and enhancing ventilation pot

This chapter analyses the scope of the Union’s regulatory criminal law competence subsequent to the ratification of the Lisbon Treaty. The chapter is primarily focused on examining what legal limitations that can be imposed on the Union’s competence to impose criminal penalties under the new legal basis in Article 83(2) TFEU. In particular, the chapter examines in detail whether criminal sanctions