The development of electronic states in krypton clusters is investigated by high-resolution core-level electron spectroscopy. The energy ordering of bulk versus surface 3d(-1)np(n > 5) core-excited states in neutral clusters is demonstrated to be reversed to the 3d(-1)5p level situation. The cluster 3d(-1)6p,7p states are proven to be at a lower energy than the corresponding atomic levels. These f

The combination of several high order harmonics can produce an attosecond pulse train, provided that the harmonics are locked in phase to each other. We present calculations that evaluate the degree of phase locking that is achieved in argon and neon gases interacting with an intense, 50 fs laser pulse, for a range of macroscopic conditions. We find that phase locking depends on both the temporal

To survey the quality of SNP genotyping, a joint Nordic quality assessment (QA) round was organized between 11 laboratories in the Nordic and Baltic countries. The QA round involved blinded genotyping of 47 DNA samples for 18 or six randomly selected SNPs. The methods used by the participating laboratories included all major platforms for small, to medium-size SNP genotyping. The laboratories used

Steller's Eider Polysticta stelleri has a restricted arctic breeding range. The world population declined to c. 220,000 individuals in the late 1990s from an estimated 400,000-500,000 in the 1960s. The species has a limited global wintering distribution, occurring in marine habitats in north-east Europe, islands close to Kamchatka in Russia, and the eastern Aleutian Islands and south-west Alaska.

For over 50 years, hippuric/quinic acids were believed to have no biological efficacy. Here data are presented to support the hypothesis that quinic acid is not responsible for any efficacy, but rather that quinic acid nutritionally supports the synthesis of tryptophan and nicotinamide in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and that this in turn leads to DNA repair enhancement and NF-kB inhibition vi

Gene replacement (knock-out) is a major tool for the analysis of gene function. However, the efficiency of correct targeting varies between species, and is dependent on the structure of the DNA construct. We analyzed the targeted insertion mutagenesis method in the budding yeast Saccharomyces castellii, phylogenetically positioned after the whole genome duplication event in the Saccharomyces linea

Two extreme groups of healthy male undergraduate students, either highly (n=12) or low creative (n=12), were pre-selected from a larger cohort (N=60) by way of the Creative functioning test (Smith & Carlsson, 1990). The two groups underwent measurements of regional cerebral blood-flow (rCBF). rCBF was measured during rest and during three verbal tasks (random order): Automatic speech (Auto), w

The synthesis and characterization of phthalocyaninato-ruthenium (PcRu) complexes with potential functional axial ligands are described. The solubility of these PcRu complexes was much improved compared to their parent phthalocyanines without Ru, enabling purification by normal flash column chromatography and also NMR measurements in common solvents (e. g. DMSO-d(6) and CDCl3). Adsorption of these

Background We have previously reported that asthma differs from rhinitis with or without bronchial hyperresponsiveness in the perception and degree of lower airway inflammation. Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate whether sputum levels of inflammatory markers could further distinguish these patient groups. Methods Patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis with or without asthm

Objective. Exocrine function always is and autonomic nervous function may be impaired in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Since autonomic nervous signaling is a prerequisite for exocrine secretion we wanted to assess autonomic nervous function in pSS and relate it to diagnostic measures of exocrine function. Methods. Autonomic nervous function was determined in 46 patients with pSS using the deep

Highly abrasion and erosive resistance materials are an important group of materials and has very wide applications in many industrial areas. The characteristic properties for this material include the castability and the superior wear resistance. The material, however, is in the group of hard-to-machine materials due to its abrasion to cutting tool and low thermal conductivity. In this article, t

This paper presents an account of the progress of the integration between the Danish and Swedish parts of the Öresund Region within the world of science, with emphasis on biotech. The paper is based on data from the database Science Citation Index Expanded. The amount of co-authorships produced by agents from each side of the region is analysed for a 12-year period (1994–2005) and used as an indic

Platelet factor 4 (PF4) is an abundant platelet alpha-granule chemokine released following platelet activation. PF4 interacts with thrombomodulin and the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) domain of protein C, thereby enhancing activated protein C (APC) generation by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. However, the protein C Gla domain not only mediates protein C activation in vivo, but also plays

ABSTRACT This article articulates a concept of “heritage brands,” based primarily on field case research and studies of practice. We define brand heritage as a dimension of a brand’s identity found in its track record, longevity, core values, use of symbols, and particularly in an organisational belief that its history is important. A heritage brand is one with a positioning and value proposition

We introduce the Hausdorff α-entropy to study the strong Hellinger consistency of posterior distributions. We obtain general Bayesian consistency theorems which extend the well-known results of Barron et al. [1999. The consistency of posterior distributions in nonparametric problems. Ann. Statist. 27, 536–561] and Ghosal et al. [1999. Posterior consistency of Dirichlet mixtures in density estimati

Using three different laser systems, we demonstrate a convenient and simple plasma based diagnostic of the contrast of high-power short-pulse lasers. The technique is based on measuring the specular reflectivity from a solid target. The reflectivity remains high even at relativistic intensities above 10(19) W/cm(2) in the case of a high-contrast prepulse-free laser. On the contrary, the specular r

Granule neurons from the rat dentate gyrus were acutely isolated and whole-cell currents recorded. Maximal enhancement of 7 muM gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA; EC30) evoked currents was obtained with 100 muM pentobarbital where the peak-current was 2.1 +/- 0.2 of control. One hundred muM pentobarbital alone evoked no current response whereas I mM pentobarbital elicited a current response that was 0