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Dark matter remains a largely elusive phenomenon, particularly its composition. Several candidate particles have been proposed, including axions and axion-like particles (ALPs). Detection of axions and ALPs have been attempted but none so far have yielded positive results. The High Intensity Baryon Extraction and Measurement instrument (HIBEAM) at the European Spallation Source (ESS) will be used
At Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), where the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) GP-SANS beamline is located, an experiment searching for the neutron Transition Magnetic Moment (nTMM) was conducted. This experiment is dependent on the magnetic field homogeneity and requires a magnetic field scanning precision of at least 4 μT. A previous experiment performed at the same facility used powerful m
The aim of this work is to investigate how a quantised photon cavity modifies the spin dynamics of a two-site spin-electron dimer with Rashba spin-orbit coupling. The cavity couples to inter-site hopping through the Peierls substitution. Dissipation is included via the Lindblad master equation. Three numerical methods were tested to see which would be best suited for the time evolution of the syst
14C is a radioactive nuclide which is produced in moderator water in nuclear power plants and small amounts are emitted in both gas and liquid forms. Currently, at Ringhals nuclear power plant (NPP) the liquid emissions of 14C are not being monitored since the methods required are difficult and expensive, and the amount of discharges have so far been considered to be minor. However, increased leve
This thesis compares the charging capacity of a reciprocal and a nonreciprocal quantum battery in the steady state. The model consists of two qubits functioning as a charger and a battery, where the charger is subjected to a linear driving field and the two qubits are linked via a coherent coupling. Both subsystems are coupled to separate dissipative environments, with an additional joint environm
In the 1980's the process of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) was discovered. It was later shown that HHG produces attosecond pulse trains (APTs), with 1 as = 10^(-18) s, using a photoelectron interferometric technique called reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions (RABBIT). RABBIT uses a combination of an APT, which ionizes a gas, and an infrared (IR
This dissertation investigates the reliability boundaries of optical photothermal infrared spectroscopy (O-PTIR) for semi-quantitative β-sheet analysis and its application to the detection of Parkinson’s disease (PD)-related skin biomarkers. The work is divided into two sub-projects. Sub-project I used atomic force microscopy–infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) as a reference technique to systematical
Atmospheric particles play a significant role in radiative forcing through light scattering and new methods are called for to better characterize their impact. Typical Lidar systems emit single wavelength light, not utilizing full spectral information from scattering measurements. This thesis aims to use a hyperspectral lidar system to measure the spectral dependence of scattering and absorption
Bunch compression is necessary for many accelerator applications, one of which being the creation of muons for the proposed muon collider. The design of a proton driver to deliver a short and very intense proton pulse to a target for the creation of muons is being developed as part of the International Muon Collider Collaboration. Some challenges with the proposed baseline design, notably the ambi
GASMAS, which stands for Gas in Scattering Media Absorption spectroscopy, is an optical technique for measuring the gas content in porous scattering media. It has shown promise for application in monitoring the gas content of lungs in a non-invasive or minimally invasive way. Monitoring changes in the quantity of oxygen and water vapor in lungs can help to quickly diagnose lung collapse conditions
To probe the unsolved intersection between quantum mechanics and general relativity, this thesis theoretically investigates and attempts to further develop an experiment designed to detect quantum gravity signatures via a rare-earth-ion doped microresonator. Leading theories on quantum gravity predict deformations to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, which would affect the dynamics of the reso
The exceptional breakdown field and ultra-wide bandgap of beta-gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3) position it as a promising material for next-generation high-power electronics. This thesis systematically investigates the growth behaviour, structural quality, and surface morphology of β-Ga2O3 thin films deposited via Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) on both c-plane sapphire (Al2O3) and MOCVD-grown GaN-on-sapphi
Most secondary school curriculums in the world don’t include semiconductor physics. The fact that it is not included is considered a mistake by many physicists and engineers, considering it is a massive part of modern technology. Amongst these technologies are transistors, LED:s, screens and solar cells. This thesis attempts to use solar cells to give an example of how semiconductor physics can be
Abstract in frenchAvec la Vie de Saint Louis, datée de 1309, Jean de Joinville a légué à la postérité un texte hybride qui n’accepte aucune classification définitive. Son « je » est le tout premier de la littérature française, et pour les historiens, l’intérêt de son récit, réside en la description de la Septième croisade. L’objectif de ce mémoire est de considérer, sous l’angle de l’écriture de lWith "la Vie de Saint Louis", dated 1309, Jean de Joinville left to posterity a hybrid text that defies definitive classification. His “I” is the very first in French literature and, for historians, the interest of his account lies in his description of the Seventh Crusade.The aim of this Master thesis 1 is to consider, from the perspective of historical writing, Joinville’s contributions and to d
With the emergence of the digital surveillance society, and especially since the turn of the 21st century, artistic explorations of key questions of visibility, observation, and surveillance have multiplied into what can be identified as a genre of its own, “surveillance art.” As surveillance has become increasingly central to societal developments and crept into everyday life, it has been the sub
The study discussed in this article aimed to understanding how pre-activity formulations are designed and accomplished by mothers in play interactions as everyday interactional business. Here, we report specifically on instances during the lab-based interactions where the mother orients to the lab-based task of singing with their infant, and discuss potential implications of such participant orien
Collaborating with highly skilled professionals in participatory design of machine learning (ML) and visualization tools presents unique challenges. This paper reflects on interdisciplinary projects involving medicine, biology, and the social sciences, where ML was introduced to support complex data analysis and segmentation tasks, sometimes from the outset and other times as a later addition. Des
This open access book explores knowledge practices by five women from different European contexts. Contributors document, analyze, and discuss how women employed practices of privacy to pursue knowledge that did not necessarily conform with the curriculum prescribed for them. The practices of Jane Lumley in England, Camila Herculiana in Padua, Victorine de Chastenay in Paris, as well as Elisabeth
