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Utilities, such as steam and cooling water, are often shared by several production areas at an industrial site. In order to minimize the loss of revenue due to disturbances in the supply of utilities, the optimal supply of utilities to different areas has to be determined. It is not evident how utility resources should be divided, as both buffer tank levels, the connections between areas, and the

As a result of recent research discoveries and technological advancements within neuroscience, a growing interest in the brain and its functions permeates not only film studies, but also the field of humanities as a whole. Yet, the neuroscientific influence on contemporary film studies is not easily defined; on the contrary, film scholars with different starting points identify fundamentally diver

The borderless world is providing new opportunities for conducting business, both within Europe and between continents. Sustainable competition will be harder to attain and competition will become fiercer, day-by-day. The Austrian school of strategy emphasizes change, continuous innovation, and entrepreneurial discovery as sources of supernormal profits. An important assumption is that these super

This work details investigation of two-phase aqueous foam flow, which is applicable for developing energy-efficient heat exchangers. In such heat exchangers, heat transfer rates are enhanced due to the structure and properties of aqueous foam, namely gas bubbles separated by a thin liquid film. Aqueous foam is noted to have an especially large inter-phase contact surface and reduced surface tensio

One way to deal with product lines and products that have to exist in many variants is to use a component-based approach. This allows a lot of flexibility in creating new products and can reduce time and costs. However, the flexibility in composing products from a base of components is not without problems. Complexity increases in the composition process when combining many components to one large

This article gives a glimpse of the early development of Automatic Control in Sweden covering the period up to the mid 1960s. Much of the early developments took place in industry and the defence establishments. Process control, particularly in the pulp and paper industry, power systems, and military projects were strong drivers for the technology. The article ends with the emergence of control in

New robot applications increasingly require external sensing to accomplish robustness and performance despite the variations and uncertainties that come with the increasing demands on flexibility for manufacturing of customized products. The demands on productivity then require high performance, which for well known feedback-control reasons means short response times from external process event to

Water scarcity is one of the main challenges facing Middle Eastern countries. A typical country in this respect is Syria. This paper estimates projections for the available water resources, water balance, and available water per capita (AWPC) in Syria until 2050 in relation to possible future climate changes, national development agendas, water constraints, and water management alternatives. Resul

Closed-form solutions for the plastic response of a symmetric double-lap joint are presented. The adherents are assumed to behave linear elastically in pure tension, whereas the adhesive is assumed to be in a state of pure shear. The shear stress-strain behavior of the adhesive is approximated by a bilinear curve, and both hardening plasticity approximating ductile adhesive behavior, and softening

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Den fackliga organisationsgradens utveckling i Sverige mellan oktober 2006 och oktober 2007 redovisas. Under denna 12-månadersperiod föll andelen fackligt anslutna löntagare med drygt fyra procentenheter. Om man avrundar till heltal rör det sig om ett medlemsras på hela fem procentenheter, från 77 till 72 procent fackanslutna. Det är den största fackliga nedgången under loppet av ett enda år i Sve