En bit i bröstcancerns mystiska mikromiljöpussel En stor del av cancerforskning fokuserar på att klargöra hur tumörers mikromiljö påverkar cancerns tillväxt och behandling av den. Cancer har kallats ”ett sår som aldrig läker”. I cancer finns en stor mängd av en specialiserad celltyp av fibroblaster som är central i just sårläkning. Vi har hittat två sådana fibroblaster i bröstcancer och visat att

Generation of cell model using stem cells and genome engineering to study lysosomal storage disorders Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a group of approximately 70 diseases and many cause childhood neurodegeneration. There is no treatment for neurological symptoms of LSDs due the complexity of nervous system and lack of accurate study models. Stem cells are a promising tool to be used for st

Inducing iron-dependent death to treat high-risk childhood cancer Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common pediatric extracranial solid tumor and one of the deadliest, accounting for 15% of pediatric cancer deaths. In Europe there are 10.5 cases per million, with the median age at diagnosis being 17 months. In some cases, tumors regress spontaneously but in others they relapse and become resistant t

Immunotherapy utilizes the patient’s own immune system for the treatment of cancer. Due to exceptional antigen-presentation capacity Dendritic Cells (DCs) have great potential for cancer immunotherapy. Using direct cellular reprogramming our group has identified a combination of transcription factors, PU.1, IRF8, and BATF3 that reprograms mouse and human fibroblasts and a range of cancer cell line

Bakgrund: Det är vanligt att barn upplever rädsla i samband med besök i hälso- och sjukvården och vid medicinska procedurer. Upp till 45% av barn i åldern 4–6 år känner svår ångest under vaccinering vilket belyser deras oro av nålar och vården. Erfarenheter i form av rädsla, smärta och oro i och vid sjukvårdsbesök kan ha långsiktiga konsekvenser för barnet och i vissa fall kan det leda till nålfob

Sedan befolkningsökningen under 1800–1900 talet har en stor areal av de svenska våtmarkerna torrlagts i syfte att öka jordbruksarealerna och matproduktionen. Våtmarkerna av intresse för denna studie innehåller en stor andel organiskt material i form av torv och gyttja och benämns som organogena jordar. Sverige är ett av världens mest torvtäta länder och Skåne län erhåller en stor andel av dessa maSince a large growth in population occurred during the 1800-1900 centuries in Sweden, an expansion of agricultural land became a necessity. The government provided farmers with an allowance to exploit wetlands. A large portion of wetlands has since then been lost and used for cultivation, in particular peat lands. The drainage of peat lands results in a loss in biodiversity, poorer water condition

Democracy is a broad and complicated concept with numerous interpretations. To determine people's actual desire for democracy, we must first understand the concept they have in mind. By conducting qualitative interviews with open-ended questions, this study aims to study the in-depth meanings behind the concept of democracy among the young people in Kazakhstan. This study uses an interpretive

Acoustophoresis is a cell separation technology where particles or cells are suspended in a fluid container and subject to acoustic standing waves. The standing waves exerts an acoustic radiation force on the particles, pushing them towards the nodal plane. This movement is called migration, and the migration velocity depends on the acoustic mobility of the particle, which depend on the particle s

Vilka utvecklingsmöjligheter har Region Kalmar läns arbete med substitution? Att ta bort eller byta ut farliga kemikalier mot något annat alternativ som är mindre skadligt för miljön och hälsa brukar benämnas som substitution. Människor kommer idag i kontakt med farliga kemikalier på flera olika sätt, till exempel genom vissa plaster och elektronik eller på arbetsplatser där farliga kemikalier hanChemicals are becoming more and more important and almost essential for human life. Therefore, the human exposure of hazardous chemicals has increased substantially. Alternative assessment (AA) is a method used for substitution of hazardous chemicals and requirements for substitution are included in European health and safety legislation. As part of Region Kalmar läns environmental and sustainabil

The aim of this project is to design a solution to a payment system for people that have a diagnosis of intellectual disorder. This target group has problems with today’s payment system because it becomes successively more digital. With the digital solutions will the target group be excluded. I have been thinking of the question “What would happen if cash was removed as a payment system?”. I have

A modularly interactive CRISPR system Climate change and the growing human population already pose severe challenges for food security and agricultural businesses around the globe. One key component on a way to a more sustainable agriculture that has the ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions could be the newly arisen genome editing. A form of ge- netic engineering that allows for

In addition to its complex structure, the cerebral cortex has multiple functions exclusive to humans. Unfortunately, it also plays a crucial role in multiple neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Although we know very little about human-specific gene regulatory mechanisms during brain development, non-coding RNAs are evolutionarily non-conserved, evolve faster, and are highly expressed in

Icke-skadliga virusinfektioner i grönalger På cellnivå är den klassiska virusinfektionen en rättfram process: En värdcell infekteras. Virusets gener tar över och styr värdcellens maskineri för bland annat transkription (DNA-kopiering) och translation (proteinproduktion), därmed tvingas värdcellen producera nya virioner (viruspartiklar). När tillräckligt många virioner tillverkats så aktiveras andThe common way in which algal virus-host systems are discovered is when an algal culture collapses due to the virus-induced lysis. Therefore, the presence of a viral infection in a seemingly healthy culture of Chlamydomonas sp. is an oddity. This study describes such an infection in an algal sample from Örsjön, a lake in southern Sweden, sustained in culture for over six years with no observed adv

Moderns immunsystem vid värkarbete och havandeskapsförgiftning Immunsystemet är uppbyggt av immunceller samt små molekyler som skickar signaler mellan dem. När immuncellerna stöter på något som de inte känner igen tolkas detta som farligt, vilket resulterar i att de aktiveras och försöker döda det som invaderar oss. Graviditet är spännande ur detta perspektiv då ett foster är till hälften uppbyggPregnancy is an immunological conundrum as the semi-allogenic fetus is tolerated concurrently as the mother and fetus are protected against pathogens. Systemic and local immunological alterations are a vital part of healthy pregnancy, and a possible contributor to gestational diseases. This study aimed to characterize peripheral, intervillous and decidual maternal immune cells during healthy labor

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregations and loss of dopaminergic neurons. The cause for PD is still being researched but neuroinflammation has gained increasing awareness. Polymorphism in class II, major histocompatibility complex, transactivator (Ciita), which regulates major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII) ex

Breathing without oxygen: Lateral gene transfer from protists could enable freshwater sponges to adapt to hypoxia As humans, our existence is conditioned by oxygen. The complex mechanisms that keep our cells alive and functioning depend on this molecule and our metabolic processes would not be possible without it. Although we could not even survive in environments without oxygen, some organisms h

Förbättrad sortering av plast på återvinningscentraler är nödvändig för omställningen till ett fossilfritt samhälle Världen står framför den kanske största utmaningen någonsin – den globala uppvärmningen. För att klara FN:s klimatmål om att begränsa temperaturökningen till under två grader krävs det att vi ställer om till ett fossilfritt samhälle. En del i att uppnå detta är att öka materialåtervReducing plastic waste incineration is crucial for Sweden’s transition to a carbon neutral society in 2045. To achieve this goal, it is essential to increase the material recycling of plastics. The availability of recyclable plastics depends on the private individual’s participation in sorting their plastic waste at the municipal recycling centres. Currently, the sorting quality of the rigid plast

Idag återfinns sexistiska kommentarer på sociala medieplattform, trots att företagen bakom har regler för vad som får publiceras. Sexism är ett strukturellt problem som kan påverka kvinnor negativt, både fysiskt och psykiskt och kan leda till självcensur. Ge- nom en kvalitativ textanalys syftar denna uppsats att testa om tre principer kan användas för att analysera om sexistiska kommentarer från FToday, sexist comments can be found on social media platforms, despite social media companies having rules on what is allowed to be published. Sexism is a structural prob- lem which can negatively affect women, both physically and mentally, and could lead to self-censorship. Through a qualitative text analysis, this essay aims to investigate whether sexist comments from Facebook and Instagram are

Energy for heating and cooling purposes is essential for many industrial processes, as well as something we all rely on to provide us with warm water and a pleasant indoor climate. As much as half of all energy consumed in the EU is used for heating and cooling [1]. District heating and cooling grids are common ways in which the energy is delivered and distributed, and due to the large quantities

Olagliga transaktioner i form av bland annat penningtvätt, insiderhandel och marknadsmanipulation är stora problem som ofta glöms bort. Bara under 2020 tvättades 1.6 biljoner dollar världen över, motsvarande 2.7\% av världens totala BNP. Insiderhandel och marknadsmanipulation bidrar till misstro för marknaden vilket gör att den till lägre grad kan allokera pengar till företag från investerare då fIllegal transactions in the form of money laundering, insider trading and market manipulation is a major problem that is often forgotten. In the year of 2020, 1.6 trillion dollars were successfully laundered, corresponding to 2.7\% of the world's total GDP. Insider trading and market manipulation contribute to mistrust of the market, resulting in worse capital distribution from investors to co