Popular Abstract in Swedish En cell förökar sig genom delning. Före delningen måste den växa och fördubbla cellinnehållet för att det ska finnas material till två nya celler. En cellcykel är de händelser som sker från det en cell delat sig tills den delar sig igen [Fig 1]. En cellcykel kan delas in i fyra faser som cellen måste genomgå innan den är mogen att dela sig. Under första fasen, G1, tillvThe polyamines - putrescine, spermidine and spermine - are polycations found within cells. They have been shown to be essential for optimal cell proliferation and cell survival. Cells maintain their polyamine levels in a well-regulated system involving biosynthesis, catabolism and uptake/excretion. The biosynthetic enzymes - ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (Ado

Abstract in Chinese 戰爭是人類歷史活動最激烈的場合，而戰爭史亦曾經在古典歷史著作中佔有重要篇幅。傳統的戰爭史最集中、最尖銳地反映了歷史必然性和偶然性的衝突，個人主觀意志與客觀環境局限性的衝突，及伴隨著暴力出現的人性美德與劣根性的衝突，在今天仍具有研習價值。然而戰爭史與主流學科也存在日趨脫節的問題，研習者的專業興趣有時與外界學術環境及價值觀的變化未能對上口徑。 引進戰略文化（strategic culture）的研究方向，可以為戰爭史研究與國際關係、社會學及文化研究提供科際整合的橋樑。文化如何影響國際社會間的決策和行為，近年日益受到學術關注。過去學界曾普遍相信結構決定行為，因此國際無政府狀態(international anarchy)被認為是現實主義（realism）行為模式的結構性根源。然而隨著結構主義（structuralism）及相關的學說受到挑戰，一部分國際關係

We introduce a Newton-Schur alternative to the consistent tangent approach in plasticity computations and show that the structure of the consistent tangent approach is preserved in the new Newton-Schur approach. However, the local constitutive iterations used in the conventional computational plasticity analyses are eliminated when using the Newton-Schur approach. Two numerical examples are presen

In this thesis we study efficient computational methods for geometrical problems of practical importance and theoretical interest. The problems that we consider are primarily complete linkage clustering, minimum spanning trees, and approximating minimum weight triangulation. Below is a list of the main results proved in the thesis. The complete linkage clustering of n points in the plane can be co

During recent years we have seen several large-scale crises. The 9/11 terror attacks, tsunamis, storms, floods and bombings have all caused a great deal of damage. A common factor in these crises has been the need for information and one important source of information is usually Web sites. In this work we investigate and design an overload control system for Web sites that are vital in crises. Th

This study evaluates the impact of agricultural subsidies (CAP) on unemployment and employment outside the agricultural sector. For the CAP subsidies to have an effect outside the agricultural sector, the subsidies must have a second-order effect. Thus, the Open Economy Relative Multiplier for Sweden is estimated with aggregate municipality data for the years 2001 to 2009. A side-effect of the dec

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den här avhandlingen studerar olika statistiska metoder för att utvinna information som ligger dold i en serie av tal eller andra symboler, exempelvis bokstäver. En sådan serie kan innehålla slumpmässighet eller ha vissa mätbara statistiska egenskaper, men har även ett inneboende mönster, vilket vi är intresserade av. Vi kallar vanligtvis sådana serier för signaler, ochThis thesis examines sparse statistical modeling on a range of applications in audio modeling, audio localizations, DNA sequencing, and spectroscopy. In the examined cases, the resulting estimation problems are computationally cumbersome, both as one often suffers from a lack of model order knowledge for this form of problems, but also due to the high dimensionality of the parameter spaces, which

Popular Abstract in Swedish Människan lever inte bara själv, utan tillsammans med en mängd bakterier som lever i kroppen. Större delen av dessa lever i tjocktarmen. Dessa organismer är viktiga för vår hälsa. De stimulerar immunförsvaret, sänker pH i tarmen och gör det ogynnsamt för sjukdomsframkallande bakterier att växa till. Bakterierna lever i symbios med oss och med varandra. Förändringar i taThe human gut flora is important for our well-being. The gut bacteria are able to degrade and metabolize complex carbohydrates. Examples of such carbohydrates are β-mannans. β-Mannans consist of a backbone of β-1,4-linked mannose units and are present in e.g. the endosperm of legumes such as guar or carob. The composition of the β-mannan varies with the plant source. Carob and guar β-mannans are s