Around 90% of the energy requirement for urban water systems management is for heating domestic tap water. In addition, the energy content of wastewater is mainly in the form of heat (85%). Hence, there is an obvious interest in recovering a large portion of this heat. However, city-wide scenario analyses that evaluate heat recovery at various locations while considering impacts on wastewater trea

University-industry collaboration now extends beyond traditional intermediary structures and logics, enabled by more contemporary virtual networks and digital formats. This however poses new strategic and operational challenges for effective and responsive knowledge transfer. The purpose of this paper is to compare traditional models of knowledge transfer intermediaries in university-industry coll

Within a broader definition of design, as the conception and planning of everything that is artificial, the place of tools is central. With the help of cognitive semiotics in general and Donald’s theory of the evolution of the human mind in particular, we propose a stage model for the evolution of design, consisting of four stages: Proto-design, Simple design, Complex design, and Advanced design,

Vid titthålskirurgi, så kallad endoskopi, används ofta spolvätskor för att vidga och skölja rent operationsfältet. I kontakt med kroppens vävnader finns det då risk att vätskan absorberas d.v.s. tas upp i kroppen. Vid skrapning av prostatan eller livmodern är det vanligt att 9 respektive 15 liter spolvätska används. Om ojordad elektrisk bränning används måste spolvätskan vara saltfri då den annars

Background: We studied whether nitrous oxide (N(2)O) added to a fluid allows the infused volume to be quantified by measuring N(2)O in the expired air during normal breathing. If so, N(2)O might serve as a tracer of fluid absorption during endoscopic surgery.Methods: Twelve male volunteers received continuous and intermittent i.v. infusions (5-45 min) of fluid containing 40 ml litre(-1) of N(2)O.

Following the levels of intentionality and semiosis distinguished by the Semiotic Hierarchy (a layered model of semiosis/intentionality), and the distinction between original agency (without the use of artefacts) and enhanced agency (the prosthetic incorporation of artefacts), we propose a model of an agency hierarchy, consisting of six layers. Consistent with the phenomenological orientation of c

Background: The fluid absorption that occurs during transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) can be indicated and quantified by the ethanol method. Recently, nitrous oxide (N(2)O) was tested in animals and volunteers and seemed to be more accurate and safe. The present study compared these two methods in surgical patients.Methods: Eighty-six TURPs were performed at two hospitals using an irr

BACKGROUND: Historically, a reduced serum sodium concentration has been used to diagnose absorption of electrolyte-free irrigating fluid during transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). In bipolar TURP, the irrigating solution contains electrolytes, thus invalidating the serum sodium method. In this study, we investigated whether glucose can be used to diagnose the absorption of irrigating f

Background: Fluid resuscitation after uncontrolled hemorrhage might promote rebleeding and irreversible shock. Tranexamic acid is a procoagulant drug that limits blood loss after surgery of the hip, knee, and heart. We hypothesized that pretreatment with tranexamic acid reduces the rebleeding in uncontrolled hemorrhage and thereby allows safe administration of crystalloid fluid resuscitation.Metho

Abstract in Spanish:El estudio de la relación entre la cultura material y el lenguaje tiene una larga tradición, desde los avances en el campo de la evolución de la cultura hasta los hallazgos de las ciencias cognitivas. Las recientes conclusiones de estos estudios se inclinan por la diversidad lingüística y la lingüística evolutiva desestimando el rol de los universales. Este artículo explora el The study of the relationship between material culture and language has a long tradition, from the studies of cultural evolution to the findings of the cognitive sciences. The recent conclusions of these studies in relation to the universals of language tend towards linguistic diversity and evolutionary linguistics, neglecting the role of universals. This article explores the role of artifacts in

Abstract in Spanish:Las redes de transporte urbano constituyen un espacio social en el que los agentes se relacionan con múltiples artefactos –señales, reductores de velocidad, puentes, otros vehículos, etc.– Como lo advierte Latour, el estudio de dicho entorno social necesita ser “materializado”, en este caso, considerando la infraestructura, que permite –o no– el uso fluido del sistema, como parUrban transport network is a social space in which agents interact with multiple artifacts –signs, speed bumps, bridges, other vehicles, etc.– As Latour states, the study of social spaces needs to be “materialized”, in this case, considering the material infrastructure that allows –or not– the fluid use of the system, as a fundamental part of the analysis of the transport phenomenon. From an agent

The goal of this report is to empirically study the domestic deployment of militaries to manage the pandemic on the African continent. In this perspective, the COVID-19 crisis is a case study of continuity and change: both within civil-military relations more broadly and within the armed forces in particular. The report focuses on four cases: Sierra Leone by Maggie Dwyer and Osman Gbla; Burkina Fa

BACKGROUND: Large-scale absorption of electrolyte-free irrigating fluid during endoscopic surgery may result in a "transurethral resection syndrome." The severity of the syndrome can probably be modified by using mannitol 5% instead of the most widely used glycine 1.5%.METHODS: Seventeen pigs with a mean body weight of 22 (range 19-26) kg received an intravenous infusion of 100 mL kg(-1) h(-1) of

BackgroundHome care is beset with work environment issues and high staff turnover, while research concerned with interventions to improve the work environment is sparse. Few of the existing interventions apply a participative approach, despite this being associated with more positive outcomes and sustainable change. This paper presents a framework, rooted in action research and action learning, fo

Description of the panel Cycling. Past, present, future