In 1822 the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed The Cruel Treatment of Cattle Act, which today is considered to be an important forerunner to modern animal protection and anti-cruelty legislation. However, the new Enlightenment attitudes to animals stemmed from an overly anthropocentric perception of the natural world and the place of the human animal in it. At the heart of the movement agains

Video capsule endoscopy (VCE), perfomed by ingesting a small vitamin-sized camera pill, was developed over a period of a couple of decades and –since its introduction in clinical practice at the dawn of the millennium– has become an essential tool in the diagnosis and management of small bowel (SB) diseases. At the same time, other fields such as minimally invasive diagnosis of other parts of the

Purpose of review: The main goal of this narrative review is to assess whether physical activity (PA) influences peak bone mass and fracture risk. Recent findings: Several randomized controlled trials (RCT) show that short-term PA intervention programs in childhood improve the accrual of bone mineral. There are now also long-term controlled PA intervention studies demonstrating that both boys and

Acetaminophen is one of the most common over-the-counter pain medications used worldwide and is considered safe at therapeutic dose. However, intentional and unintentional overdose accounts for up to 70% of acute liver failure cases in the western world. Extensive research has demonstrated that the induction of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are central to the development of acetam

Background: Circulating levels of TNF alpha receptor 1 (TNFR1) and 2 (TNFR2) are associated with increased long-term mortality and impaired kidney function. Aim: To study association between circulating levels of TNFR1 and TNFR2 and short-term mortality in patients with diabetes and dyspnea. Population and methods: Patients aged ≥ 18 years seeking at emergency department (ED) during daytime on wee

Vertical nanowires with cointegrated metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistor (MOSFET) selectors and nonvolatile resistive random access memory (RRAM) cells represent a promising candidate for fast, energy-efficient, cross-point memory cells. This paper explores indium-tin-oxide-hafnium-dioxide RRAM cells integrated onto arrays of indium-arsenide (InAs) vertical nanowires with a resulting

Purpose: In early 2000s Six Sigma and Lean were combined into Lean Six Sigma (LSS), which has been one of the major strategic quality initiatives all over the world. Now, we are in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution (IR), which changes almost everything including LSS and quality management (QM) in the companies. We need new paradigm of LSS to boost LSS activities in this 4th IR era. In this

Clinical researchers use disease progression models to understand patient status and characterize progression patterns from longitudinal health records. One approach for disease progression modeling is to describe patient status using a small number of states that represent distinctive distributions over a set of observed measures. Hidden Markov models (HMMs) and its variants are a class of models

The pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, multiple system atrophy, and many others converge at alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation. Although it is still not entirely clear what precise biophysical processes act as triggers, cumulative evidence points towards a crucial role for protein quality control (PQC) systems in modulating α-Syn aggregation and toxicity. These enc

Venoarterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support for postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock (PCS) in patients undergoing surgery for acute type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is controversial and the available evidence is confined to limited case series. We aimed to evaluate the impact of this salvage therapy in this patient population. Between January 2010 and March 2018, all TAAD patie

Samarbetet mellan forskare i Östersjöregionen har aldrig varit starkare. Ändå finns stora utmaningar, vilket blir tydligt i en aktuell debatt i Tyskland om digitaliseringar i vården där politiker lyfter fram Sverige som förebild.Samarbetet mellan forskare i Östersjöregionen har aldrig varit starkare. Ändå finns stora utmaningar, vilket blir tydligt i en aktuell debatt i Tyskland om digitaliseringar i vården där politiker lyfter fram Sverige som förebild.

Purpose: In addition to incisional hernia, inguinal hernia is a recognized complication to radical retropubic prostatectomy. To compare the risk of developing inguinal and incisional hernias after open radical prostatectomy compared to robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy. Method: Patients planned for prostatectomy were enrolled in the prospective, controlled LAPPRO trial between September 20

We present and analyze a new approach to improve energy efficiency in cellular IoT devices. The new approach consists of employment of ultra low power wake-up receivers in combination with robust non-coherent modulation. The results show that we can achieve very competitive power consumption, reducing it by up to 50 times, compared to two conventional power saving solutions we use as references. T

A key challenge in X-ray crystallography is to find a good point on the crystal on which to center the beam because the crystal takes radiation damage after a number of shots which significantly distort the measurements. Therefore, the beam needs to be aimed manually by an operator, which results in significant additional effort and time.This paper presents an approach toward automating the beam a

We envision the use of large intelligent surface (LIS) technology, which is a promising concept that goes beyond massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), for positioning applications due to its ability to focus energy in the 3D space. The Cramér-Rao lower bounds (CBLBs) for positioning using a LIS which can resolve amplitude and phase with full resolution have already been determined in the

The case is about grassroots monetary innovations carried out for social purposes. Through the case of the Kenyan community currencies the reader gets an insight into the social challenges these currencies aim to address, the effort that goes into designing these local monies as well as into organising the communities that use them. The reader is presented with the practical challenges faced by th