This thesis examines the role of elections in Sub Saharan Africa. The discourse regarding democratic transitions in Africa has since a while been slightly negative. Staffan I. Lindberg introduces a positive perspective with his book Democracy and Election in Africa. He argues that multi-party elections as an institution in newly democratizing countries, in Sub Saharan Africa, generate a causal fac

The interventions of the Turkish military in Turkish politics have been many and severe. As a consequence the development of a Turkish democracy has been backtracked and halted on occasions. The country’s aspirations for EU-membership have also been hindered. At the center of political (re)development in Turkish politics we find the constitution of 1982. This constitution, written by the military,

Who influence decision making? From a traditional worldview, in which the privilege to define the international policy arena was dedicated to one actor, the states; are we today observing a shift in paradigm. Several other actors entering the arena, determined to influence the policy agendas. One such actor is the Non-Governmental Organization (NGO). This study conducts a theory testing on NGO in

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Av jordens yta är ca 30 % täckt av skog och mer än 80 % av allt kol inbundet ovan mark återfinns i skogens växtlighet. Skogen är kopplad till atmosfären genomflöden av bland annat energi, vatten och koldioxid. Hur skogen brukas kan därför påverka klimatförändringen. När skog avverkas tas det mesta av det inbundna kolet ovan mark bort. Kvar är resterna från avverForests have a large role in the global carbon cycle. Forest management could play a crucial role in mitigating climate change. With a growing demand for renewable energy the forest could contribute. Stumps are one of the potential energy sources from the forest. In this study a pine dominated clear-cut area was surveyed in regard of stump biomass, carbon fluxes and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) sto

Syfte; Vårt syfte med studien är att lära oss om man kan styra ett kreativt beteende och i så fall vilka faktorer som kan påverka detta, dels beroende på företagets styrmedel och dels förhållandet mellan individ och grupp. Metod: Studien är en kvalitativ studie med ett induktivt förhållningssätt i form av en fallstudie där vi under en period hösten 2011 studerade ett företag inom distanshandel. Ut

Förlikningsavtal i patenttvister ligger i brytpunkten mellan patenträtten och konkurrensrätten. Patent är ett lagligt monopol som ges som belöning till innovativa företag för väl utfört värv, medan konkurrensrätten strävar efter att begränsa eller förhindra den skada ett monopol utgör för marknaden. Förlikningsavtal med omvänd betalning kan antingen ses som ett legitimt sätt för en patentinnehavarPatent settlement agreements lie in the intersection of patent rights and competition law. Patents are legal monopolies that are given to innovators as a reward for their findings, and competition law strives to limit the harm monopolies do to the market. Patent settlements in which the patent holder pays the generic manufacturer a not to market a competitive and possible infringing product, can e

Studien behandlar musikundervisningens genrebredd i årskurs 7-9. Intervjuer har utförts med fyra högstadielärare och 17 elever i årskurs 8 på fyra olika skolor i en svensk stad. Utgångs-punkten för studien är att undervisning i flera olika genrer främjar elevernas musikkunskap. Lärarna i studien låter förstå att enbart vissa genrer går hem hos eleverna och dessa genrer är oftast pop och rock. LäraTitle: How wide is the music education? A study of genre diversity in music education in elementary school. The study investigates the diversity of musical genre in music education for 7th to 9th grade pupils in Swedish schools. There have been interviews with secondary school teachers and 17 pupils in 8th grade from four different schools in a Swedish town. The starting point is that education i

Our aim was to undertake a qualitative study of how a team of football players from foreign backgrounds viewed and described their own team’s identity. Furthermore we wanted to examine how they would, generally, define their national identity. The subjects of our study were seven male football players aged between 19 and 29 years old who resided in the south of Sweden. The results of our study in

Who can become a foster home? An illumination of the foster home secretaty´s role in the selection process Is it possible for anyone to become a foster parent? What if you are homosexual, highly religious or from a foregin culture; is it even worthwhile to applay? We were curious about if one person´s prejudice can effect wehether a person applaying is approved or not. We interviewed social worke

The purpose of this study was to analyze the intermediate and ultimate outcomes of the collaborations that have been conducted between environmental non-profit organizations and the local government of Kyoto City within the city’s Local Agenda 21-policy. Through a literature review and an interview-based case study in Kyoto the local context was studied. The creation of the Kyoto Local Agenda 21

Under de senaste 15 åren har användningen av frekvenselektromagnetiska sonderingsinstrument inom geofysiska undersökningar drivit forskningen framåt för att förbättra den använda metoden. En av dessa tekniker är inversion vilket är den process som omvandlar elektromagnetiska data till djupvärden för geologiska lager. Inversion av frekvenselektromagnetiska data har länge varit förknippat med svårigThe adoption of frequency electromagnetic (EM) sounding devices in the past 15 years for geophysical exploration has fueled research into techniques associated with the method. One of these techniques is inversion which is the process of turning the EM data into measurements of depth for different geological layers. Inversion of frequency EM data has classically been difficult and unreliable. With

An objective method for calculating shelter effect of shelter belts - The projekt describes a method for objective classification of shelter effect for natural shelter belts. lt is aimed at producing a number of diagrams from which the shelter effect of a natural shelter, with a photographically determined porosity, can be predicted. Measurements of shelterbelt porosity has been made by analyzing

The hydropower plant at upper Finsjö is situated in the south-eastern part of Sweden. It is owned and operated by E.ON Vattenkraft Sverige AB. The dams are built in the beginning of the 20th century and regarding the safety of the dams they are in need of repairs. As an alternative, E.ON wants to investigate the possibility of building a new dam further downstream of the existing ones and thus mak

The purpose of this paper was to examine how six refugees feel about their situation in Sweden. The method used was a narrative interview technique. The respondents all claimed that they are stigmatised because they are different to Swedes in cultural, religious and behavioural ways. We also examined how they use strategies to avoid stigmatisation. The study showed that all the respondents try to

Uppsatsen behandlar frågeställningarna om det gemensamma valutasamarbetet EMU har medfört större statsskulder och högre statsskuldsräntor på statsobligationer för de länder som deltagit i samarbetet än för de länder som har stått utanför. Historien bakom tillkomsten av EMU beskrivs och i uppsatsen redovisas slutsatser från ett antal artiklar som har skrivits om EMU, vilka förutsättningar detta pro

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Kortfattat kan en dator beskrivas som en räknemaskin; i en dator är enheten som utför beräkningarna processorn. I en kvantdator är det enskilda atomer som är ansvariga för beräkningarna. På atomnivå, mikrokosmos, råder andra lagar än i makrokosmos. Dessa lagar sammanfattas i vad som kallas för kvantmekanik. Ett kvantmekaniskt fenomen som utnyttjas i en kvantdatorAn approach to the construction of high-frequency radiocircuits for ex- tending coherence-times in the Rare-Earth quantum computation scheme is presented, along with results from computer simulation of the radiofre- quency circuit using a program called QUCS. The results were experi- mentally verified and showed good correspondence with theory and sim- ulations. Problems to take into consideration

Bolagsstyrning handlar såväl om samspel som ansvarsfördelning mellan olika aktörer i ett bolag med aktieägare, ledning, styrelse och anställda. En god bolagsstyrning förknippas med effektivitet som också blir allt mer betydande på dagens konkurrensutsatta marknad. Att skolan kan drivas som aktiebolag har blivit ett omdebatterat ämne i media. Det ifrågasätts hur styrning verkar i en verksamhet som

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate which model for forecasting the variance covariance matrix is the most accurate. This is important because the more accurate forecast the more correct pricing of derivatives with several underlying instruments. Methodology: Using currency data of EUR/USD and GBP/USD five different variance covariance matrix forecasting models are used to price sim