We introduce rigorous theory for deriving first and second order backpropagation methods for Deep Neural Networks (DNN) whilst satisfying existing theory in DNN optimization. We begin by formally defining a neural network with its respective components and state the first and second order chain rule with respect to its partial derivatives. The partial derivatives in the chain rule formula are rela

Five different ocular measurements were investigated as a means of predicting cognitive load during a visuospatial memory game. Eye data was collected from the participants during a non-related n-back task, trained on both classification and regression models, and investigated in relation to their ability to make predictions regarding how the participants were performing on an n-back task. All the

Syftet med kursen är att skapa en fördjupad kunskap om arkitekturens spatiala kvalitéer och egenskaper i relation till komplex urban kontext. Den syftar till att utveckla förmågan att designa arkitektur i specifika fysiska och socialt kombinerade situationer formade av olika historiska lager. Samt att skapa förståelse för hur den byggda miljön påverkar och påverkas av den urbana materiella oc

Purpose: The purpose of this master paper is to explore if different Business-to-Business brands sit on signature stories using David Aaker ́s four criteria defining a signature story. Methodology: The study’s qualitative methodology consists of finding different Business-to- Business brands and analyzing these if they are sitting on a signature story. To explore if Business-to-Business brands ha

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate how firms can use brand experience to generate brand loyalty. Methodology: case studies and literature review Findings: The findings in this paper support the findings in previous research that brand loyalty is driven by brand experience, and that brand personality can function as a mediator between them. The main themes that are considered impo

Brands are entering a time where brand activism and political activism in which they state their beliefs affect consumer purchasing decisions instead of having, as opposed to traditional brand product marketing. Brands are more pressured to take a stand on any social issue and voice they’re donating to matter. The purpose of this paper is to examine the social context initiating such activism and

Abstrakt Bakgrund: Covid-19 blev en katalysator för E-hälsa, en teknologi som redan fanns på plats och som kunde bemöta den ökade efterfrågan som pandemin innebar. Patienter som tidigare varit tveksamma till E-hälsa har på grund av Covid-19 varit mer benägna att använda sig av digitala verktyg. Ett flertal studier visar på en kraftig övergång till E-hälsa. Forskningsläget gällande distriktssköters

Purpose: This study explores and defines the transition from product branding to corporate branding by answering the following research questions: • Why are corporations transitioning from product branding to corporate branding? • How are corporations transitioning from product branding to corporate branding? • What does it mean for corporations to transition from product branding to corporate br

Scent marketing has long been here; discussed in various literature and used by many brands all over the world. Yet, there is not sufficient research done on how scents affect customer perceptions of brands in the hotel industry. This paper intends to examine how scents influence the way customers perceive hotel brands, along with analysing the importance of using scents in order to develop a stro

Purpose: The purpose of this research paper is to study the promotion of non-profitable products by exploring the greater good initiatives of country branding in terms of brand identity and brand image. Design/methodology/approach: The research paper takes a qualitative approach and combines primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected through an interview. The secondary data is bas

Solar energy is an important component of sustainable urban development. However, it is still not reaching its full potential due to several reasons. One of them is a lack of free tools based on open geodata capable of estimating solar energy (daylight) metrics on building features, e.g.,windows, in the early stages of the urban planning process. To fill this gap, a design and implementation of th

Svårkontrollerad parkslide i Perstorps kommun och Söderåsen Invasiva främmande arter kan orsaka skador på biologisk mångfald, samhällen och människors hälsa. De årliga kostnaderna i Sverige för invasiva främmande arter har uppskattats till 1,1–4,5 miljarder kronor. Ett växande problem är den invasiva främmande arten parkslide (Reynoutria japonica, tidigare Fallopia japonica). Parkslide har visat

En icke-toxisk relation mellan svamp och växt Växter lever ofta i symbios med vissa svampar – det betyder att växterna samarbetar med dessa svampar för att överleva. En sådan svamp är Trichoderma arundinaceum. Denna är välkänd för att vara mutualistisk till flera olika växtarter – inklusive många grödor. T. arundinaceum bildar ett nätverk bland växtens rötter och livnär sig på kolhydrater den får

Telephone triaging is a well-known service that has been developed over many years and today considered as a major part of nurses work in primary care. During the COVID-19 pandemic the usage of telephone lead communication increased and was described as way to reduce the risk of viral transmission while at the same time providing quality healthcare. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the

Purpose: The purpose is to examine how IKEA works with customer brand co-creation and how it can be further leveraged in the digital era. Methodology: This paper adopts a qualitative case study method, where the primary data consists of an interview with a Social Media Specialist with pre-existing knowledge of brand co-creation at IKEA in Sweden. Furthermore, research about IKEA and the ways they

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to further investigate and understand the influence of greenwashing on green brand associations, green brand image, brand credibility, and finally green brand equity. Therefore, the paper builds up on Akturan’s (2018) findings and partially replicates them by using the two fashion brands H&M and Patagonia. Methodology: To fulfill the papers’ purpose, one

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore “weird elements” as part of brand communication in relation to brand intimacy. To define the purpose more precisely, this paper will focus on four specific research questions with reference to the selected case examples: 1. Which message is conveyed? 2. What was the initial intention behind this kind of advertisement? 3. Which creative elem

When slurs are used in indirect reports (e.g., ‘Lisa said that Tom is a [slur]’), there is a disagreement between theories of language about which speaker is responsible for the derogatory content and offensive potential of the slur — the original speaker or the reporting speaker. This debate is specific to slurs and does not typically extend to non-slur pejoratives. To examine this issue, this th

Till följd av en ökad aktivitet inom internationella nätverk för städer har miljö- och klimatfrågor alltmer kommit att betraktas som karaktäristisk lokala i sin skala. Städer har i sin tur alltmer kommit att betraktas som betydande platser där innovativa lösningar på dessa frågor uppstår. Matfrågor, som tidigare har hanterats som landsbygds- och nationella frågor, har också funnit sin väg till denWith the rescaling of environmental issues through international city networks, cities are increasingly viewed as key sites where innovative solutions are formed. The issues concerning food, which predominantly has been viewed as rural and national issues, have also found its way onto the urban agenda. To provide further understanding of the rescaling process and the role which the city plays in t