Den visuella omvärlden kan vara dynamisk och föränderlig vilket skapar otydlighet i sensorisk information. Dessutom genererar hjärnans neurala aktivitet ”brus” som bidrar till denna otydlighet. Trots dessa svårigheter kan det visuella systemet i hjärnan bearbeta denna otydliga information och skapa en kontinuerlig och stabil visuell upplevelse, vilket låter oss navigera i omvärlden med trygghet. EThe visual environment can be dynamic and often changes from one moment to the next, causing sensory input to be noisy and uncertain. In addition, internal noise from neural activity in the brain contributes to this uncertainty. Despite these challenges, the brain’s visual system adeptly processes this noisy and uncertain information, creating a stable and continuous perceptual experience that all

Context. The aim of this study was to explore the prognostic significance correlation between the endocrinopathy and the size of the pituitary adenoma with the sellar floor bone mineral density values using microfocus computerized tomography (μCT) analysis. Subjects and Methods. 16 consecutive patients with pituitary adenomas had full endocrinological and radiological work up prior to endoscopic t

The aim of this study is to evaluate the soft tissue response of the pure and Au-embedded PPg-PEG. PP-g-PEG2000, PP-g-PEG4000, Au-PP-g-PEG2000, and AuPP-g-PEG4000 were obtained via chlorination of polypropylene and polyethylene glycol in the presence of a base with a "grafting onto" technique. Solvent cast films of these four copolymers with PP as a control group were embedded into five different

Introduction: Occipital condyle fractures (OCFs) can occasionally be complicated with lower cranial nerve palsies. Discussion: Isolated 9th and 10th cranial nerve palsies following OCF are very rare. To our knowledge, we report the first case of an early onset of 9th and 10th cranial nerve palsies with an early full recovery in short period of time and discuss the probable mechanism of isolated ne

PURPOSE: The predictive value of excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) gene for survival and response to platinum-based chemotherapy in gastric cancer (GC) remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to clarify the precise estimation of the prognostic and predictive effect of ERCC1.METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley and

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer presents as advanced disease in >80% of patients; yet, appropriate ages to consider prevention and early detection strategies are poorly defined. We investigated age-specific associations and attributable risks of pancreatic cancer for established modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.PATIENTS AND METHODS: We included 167 483 participants from two prospective US

PURPOSE: To assess whether higher plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is associated with improved outcomes in colon cancer and whether circulating inflammatory cytokines mediate such association.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Plasma samples were collected from 1,437 patients with stage III colon cancer enrolled in a phase III randomized clinical trial (CALGB/SWOG 80702) from 2010 to 2015, who were followed

Object. Acromegaly is a disease that has significant morbidity and mortality related to high levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and is usually caused by pituitary adenomas. The goal in this study was to investigate the role of endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery and surgical experience in the treatment of GH adenoma cases in relation to surgical results and horm

Purpose: Catheter-related infection is a major complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt in children. The aim of this study is to determine inflammatory response and the efficacy of polypropylene-grafted polyethylene glycol (PP-g- PEG) copolymer and silver nanoparticle-embedded PP-g- PEG (Ag-PP-g-PEG) polymer-coated ventricular catheters on the prevention of catheter-related infections on a new e

In order to understand peripheral nerve dysfunction, and to follow neuronal regeneration, basic sciences of the peripheral nerve should be understood completely. A surgeon who operates on "nerves" uses this knowledge, especially the organization of the peripheral nerve, in nerve reconstructions. When a nerve has been injured, the goal of surgical repair is generally to reapproximate the ends of th

Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery is emerging as a minimally invasive and maximally effective procedure for pituitary adenomas. In this report we analyzed the complications in 624 procedures of endonasal transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery in the treatment of 570 patients with pituitary adenomas. The leading author (MB) operated pituitary adenomas via pure endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surg

Microbial bioelastomers prepared by the autoxidation of the unsaturated medium-long chain length copoly- 3-hydroxyalkanoate's (mlcl-PHAs) based on soybean oily acids (Sy) have been reported. Pseudomonas oleovorans were grown on a series of the mixture of octanoic acid (OA) and Sy with the weight ratio of 20:80, 28:72 and 50:50 in order to obtain unsaturated mlcl-copolyesters coded PHO-Sy-2080, PHO

We describe the synthesis and characterization of gold clusters embedded into poly (3-hydroxy octanoate-co-3-hydroxy-10-undecenoate) (PHOU), and evaluated the tissue response of the material upon implantation onto muscle tissue (rat). For this aim, PHOU was obtained by Pseudomonas oleovorans from octanoic acid (OA) and 10-undecenoic acid (UA) with a weight ratio of 50:50. The unsaturated co-polyes

Biomaterials have played an important role in the treatment of disease and the improvement of health care. Synthetic and naturally occurring biodegradable and biocompatible polymers have been used as biomaterials. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are promising materials for biomedical applications because they are biodegradable, non-toxic and biocompatible. We will shortly summarize the modification r

OBJECTIVES: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal disease that is challenging to detect at an early stage. Biomarkers are needed that can detect PDAC early in the course of disease when interventions lead to the best outcomes. We highlight study design and statistical considerations that inform pancreatic cancer early detection biomarker evaluation.METHODS: We describe experim