Energy crops (willow, sugar beet and grass silage) were digested ill pilot scale two-stage anaerobic digesters. The specific methane yields obtained were 0.16, 0.38 and 0.39 m(3) kg(-1) added volatile solids (VSadded) for willow, sugar beet and grass, respectively, corresponding to yearly gross energy yields of 15, 53 and 26 megawatt-hours (MWh) per hectare. With grass and sugar beets as substrate

The in vitro digestion of a self nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) was visualized by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM). The dynamic lipolysis model, simulating the environment of the gastrointestinal tract in fasted conditions, was used for this purpose. The results revealed that micelles are present during the entire lipolysis process. Oil droplets from the self n

We demonstrate how rather hydrophilic surfactants can be used for solubilizing simultaneously water and alkane. The required hydrophilic-lipophilic balance can be achieved by the addition of a medium-chain alcohol, that is, a hydrophobic cosurfactant. Specifically, the phase behavior of the quaternary water-n-octane-n-octyl beta-glucopyranoside (C(8)G(1))-n-octanol (C8E0) system has been investiga

In this study, typical load shapes for two categories of Swedish commercial and public buildings – schools and hotels – are presented and discussed. The measurements from 13 schools and 9 hotels in the south part of Sweden were analysed. Load shapes are developed for different mean daily outdoor temperatures and different day-types - standard weekdays and standard weekends. The load shapes are pre

Auditory event-related brain potentials evoked in response to tone stimuli and to speech stimuli were recorded in a group of parents of children with specific language-impairment and a group of parents of normally speaking children. The parents of the language-impaired children showed longer P3 latencies than the parental control group in the speech task requiring a phonological discrimination, bu

Review of Anne Gjelsvik's doctoral thesis Fiksjonsvoldens etiske betydninger: En studie av vurderingar av vold i amerikansk fiksjonsfilm (Trondheim: NTNU, 2004).

Positively autocorrelated red environmental noise is characterized by a strong dependence of expected sample variance on sample length. This dependence has to be taken into account when assessing extinction risk under red and white uncorrelated environmental noise. To facilitate a comparison between red and white noise, their expected variances can be scaled to be equal, but only at a chosen time

For many years, antimuscarinic drugs have been the first-line pharmacological treatment for urgency, frequency, and urge incontinence, all symptoms of the disorder termed overactive bladder. Antimuscarinic treatment is not always effective and is associated with side-effects that limit its clinical use. The clinical significance of the effects of antimuscarinic drugs has been questioned lately. In

In the Western world advice given by breastfeeding consultants about the use of one or two breasts at each feed has resulted in apparently arbitrary changes over time. This study compared 1-month-old breastfed infants' reactions to single- and two-breast feeds in terms of restlessness, crying, sleeping, and frequency of feeds, wet diapers, and loose stools. Eighty mothers were randomly assigned at

AIM:To study the interactions between human gastric carcinoma cell (HGCC) and human vascular endothelial cell (HVEC), and the role of KDR in these interactions. METHODS:Antisense oligodexynucleotide(ASODN) specific to KDR gene was devised and added to the culture medium of HGCC and HVEC. After the action of ASODN, the proliferation of two cells was measured by MTT method. The role of KDR in regula

Aim To investigate the association between psychosocial conditions at work, unemployment and self-reported psychological health. Methods A cross-sectional postal questionnaire for the 2000 public health survey in Scania was administered to both working and unemployed people aged 18–64 years. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between psychosocial factors at work/u

In recent years, small businesses have received much attention from policy makers and researchers, in that these businesses are considered important for economic growth and job creation. At the same time small businesses are assumed to face major problems in securing long-term external finance, which is regarded as restraining their development and growth. Small business managers are assumed to us

According to our recent results the alveolar surface is formed by a coherent phase, not a monolayer as has been assumed earlier. This surface phase is a tetragonal organization of the lipid bilayer which seems to follow the CLP minimal surface structure. As lipid bilayers at cooling will undergo a transition from the liquid-crystalline type of structure into a solid state structure, we have follow

Structural properties of encapsidated flexible polyelectrolytes in viral capsids with dodecahedral charge distribution have been investigated by Monte Carlo simulations using a coarse-grained model. Several capsid charge distributions ranging from a homogeneous surface charge distribution (lambda=0) to a complete dodecahedral distribution (lambda=1) at constant total capsid charge and fixed radial