Part of the Northern Hemisphere has experienced widespread autumn cooling during the most recent decades despite overall warming, but how this contrasting temperature change has influenced the ecosystem carbon exchange remains unclear. Here, we show that autumn cooling has occurred over about half of the area north of 25° N since 2004, producing a weak cooling trend over the period 2004–2018. Mult

Interannual variability of the terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink is substantially regulated by various environmental variables and highly dominates the interannual variation of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations. Thus, it is necessary to determine dominating factors affecting the interannual variability of the carbon sink to improve our capability of predicting future terrestrial carb

Studying migrants from Sweden to the United States, we provide new evidence on return migration during the Age of Mass Migration. Focusing on a sample of migrants and stayers observed in childhood, we document limited effects on income and occupational upgrading, but large effects on wealth. Male returnees held about twice as much wealth as stayers and about 40 percent more than staying brothers.

A garden G is populated by n≥1 bamboos b1,b2,...,bn with the respective daily growth rates h1≥h2≥⋯≥hn. It is assumed that the initial heights of bamboos are zero. The robotic gardener maintaining the garden regularly attends bamboos and trims them to height zero according to some schedule. The Bamboo Garden Trimming Problem (BGT) is to design a perpetual schedule of cuts to maintain the elevation

Data analytics is regarded as an important function of 5G networks. The Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF) is standardized in 3GPP to enhance 5G network performance by analyzing data from network functions and user equipment. Abnormal behavior detection, which is part of the NWDAF framework, has the potential to be a powerful tool to improve 5G network security. Despite this, only limited res

A number of instruments measuring psychological outcomes of falling exist, e.g. the Falls Efficacy Scale (FES). An extended version of the FES, the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), has been developed and translated into several European languages. The aims of this study were to evaluate internal reliability, examine the internal structure of the FES-I(S) (the Swedish version of the FES-

Transposable elements are a genetic reservoir from which new genes and regulatory elements can emerge. However, expression of transposable elements can be pathogenic and is therefore tightly controlled. KRAB domain-containing zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs) recruit the co-repressor KRAB-associated protein 1 (KAP1/TRIM28) to regulate many transposable elements, but how KRAB-ZFPs and KAP1 interact

Genetic risk factors play important roles in the etiology of oral, dental, and craniofacial diseases. Identifying the relevant risk loci and understanding their molecular biology could highlight new prevention and management avenues. Our current understanding of oral health genomics suggests that dental caries and periodontitis are polygenic diseases, and very large sample sizes and informative ph

We investigate the fragmentation dynamics of adamantane dications produced after core-ionization at the carbon edge followed by Auger decay. The combination of high-resolution electron spectroscopy, energy-resolved electron-ion multi-coincidence spectroscopy and different theoretical models allows us to give a complete characterization of the processes involved after ionization. We show that energ

In this paper, I put forward an argument that sustainability science can make objectively grounded normative claims about what courses of action society should pursue in order to achieve sustainability. From a survey of the philosophy of science, social theory and sustainability science literature, I put forward an approach to justifying these normative arguments. This approach builds on the insig

The IEEE 802.11 standard, often referred to as Wi-Fi, underpins wireless networking applications around the world that impact our daily lives, such as wireless access to the Internet from offices, homes, airports, hotels, restaurants, trains, and aircraft. Today's laptops, tablets, and smartphones are typically equipped with at least one IEEE 802.11 radio. IEEE 802.11 standards have enabled a whol

Engaging students in active participation and collaborative learning is an important pedagogical component of teaching and learning in higher education. Teachers use a variety of activities to engage students, such as interactive lectures, presentations, group activities, and projects. A metaphorical understanding of the teaching-learning process may help in the implementation of innovative and gr

Wooden casks were used extensively to transport goods in medieval Europe but have beenlargely overlooked in Scandinavian marine archaeological studies. We present a study ofcasks recovered from the Danish-Norwegian royal flagship Gribshunden, which sank inthe summer of 1495 outside Stora Ekö Island in southeastern Sweden. Duringexcavations in 2020–2021, archaeologists recovered 135 wooden staves a

Study objectives: Following traumatic events, people frequently experience distressing, involuntary memories of them (i.e., intrusions). Accumulating evidence suggests that sleep facilitates voluntary memory retrieval by supporting memory consolidation, but it is less clear what effect sleep has on intrusions. Recent research has used distressing film clips as a proxy for traumatizing events and e

Interactions between biomolecules are ubiquitous in nature and crucial to many applications including vaccine development; environmentally friendly textile detergents; and food formulation. Using small angle X-ray scattering and structure-based molecular simulations, we explore protein–protein interactions in dilute to semi-concentrated protein solutions. We address the pertinent question, whether

Background: Quantification of tumor burden from bone scan in the form of automated Bone Scan Index (aBSI) has been validated as an imaging biomarker for patients with prostate cancer. Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) is more sensitive and accurate compared to conventional imaging such as bone scan. The evaluation of medical images including PET/CT is challeng

The significance of systemic chemotherapy (SCT) combined with hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) chemotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with liver metastases (PACLM) remains unclear. Based on previous studies, this single-center propensity score matching (PSM) study aimed to explore the efficacy of SCT with or without HAI for PACLM.

We studied the effect of the human diving response, defined as bradycardia and reduced peripheral blood flow, on arterial hemoglobin desaturation. We induced a diving response of different magnitudes by using apnea in air and apnea with face immersion. Each of 21 subjects performed five apneas in air and five apneas with face immersion in 10 degrees C water. Periods of apnea in both conditions wer