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Quantitative measurement of aluminum atom number density around a burning micron-sized aluminum droplet using spatially resolved laser absorption spectroscopy

In this study, we demonstrate a successful application of laser absorption spectroscopy in an in-situ optical diagnostic system to map the radial distribution of the number density of vapor-phase aluminum (Al) atoms around a burning micron-sized Al droplet. This technique overcomes the challenges associated with the short optical path (at micron scale) and offers high sensitivity to Al atom concen

Trade-offs in decision making in road freight systems

Improving transport efficiency in freight transport systems is essential to reduce operating costs as well as greenhouse gas emissions. Improvements in one part of the system can lead to negative consequences in other parts, making it difficult to predict the overall effects and thereby made the right decisions. In logistics these contradictions are recognized as trade-offs. The purpose of this st

A multi-dataset validation study of moisture prediction in Norway spruce wood exposed outdoors

Wood used in outdoor construction undergoes continuous cycles of wetting and drying, resulting in fluctuating moisture contents that directly influence its long-term durability. Excess moisture above a critical threshold leads to deterioration by fungal decay, limiting the service life of the structure. Service life models thus rely on accurate predictive models of moisture behaviour. However, cap

En (rättvis) straffreform? Om straffrättsliga reformer och kriminalpolitisk debatt

I början av juni presenterade Straffreformutredningen En straffreform. I betänkandet föreslås en rad straffskärpande åtgärder. Påföljdssystemet ska bygga på ett val mellan villkorligt och ovillkorligt fängelse, närmare 50 straffskalor ska skärpas, och systemet för att bestämma straff ska ses över. Syftet är att fler och längre fängelsestraff ska dömas ut. Straffreformutredningen uppskattar att för

Experimental study on hysteresis during cyclic injection in hierarchical porous media

Cycle injection schemes are often encountered in underground hydrogen storage (UHS), and the involved hysteresis directly impacts storage and extraction efficiency. The geological formation generally has hierarchical features containing multiple-level pore sizes. Nevertheless, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon and the pore-scale mechanism behind the geometry affects sa