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Bacteria encode diverse defence systems, including restriction-modification and CRISPR-Cas, that cleave nucleic acid to protect against phage infection. Bioinformatic analyses demonstrate that many recently identified antiphage defence operons comprise a nuclease and NTPase protein, suggesting that additional nucleic acid-targeting systems remain to be understood. Here we develop large-scale compa

In this work we introduce the concept of natural ageing via precipitation arising from eutectic cell structure (PEC-ageing). Natural age-strengthening in grey cast iron at room temperature is long recognised yet still poorly understood, despite its beneficial effect on tensile strength and machinability. We investigate its underlying mechanisms by comparing fresh and naturally aged industrial grey

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate quantitative and qualitative cell and tissue properties of human articular cartilage using phase-contrast synchrotron microtomography to determine what biological information can be obtained in comparison to traditional histopathology.DESIGN: Human knee cartilage from 49 deceased donors without known osteoarthritis (ages 18-85 years, 25 females and 24 males) and 4 patients u

At the turn of the twentieth century, infant- and child mortality declined rapidly in many industrializing societies. In Sweden, this decline coincided with industrialization and urbanization, as well as a period of growing social disparities in childhood mortality. The inequality in child survival was connected to a range of factors, including access to water- and sanitation, housing conditions,

Byggnadssektorns klimatpåverkan behöver minskas genom energieffektivisering men också genom att öka andel av förnybar energi i den energi som används. Värmelagring i byggnader kan vara ett effektivt sätt att flytta byggnadens behov av energianvändning för uppvärmning från tider då energisystemets koldioxidbelastning är hög till tider under ett dygn då det finns betydande tillgång på förnybar energ

Skin wounds remain a clinical challenge, especially for burns and chronic wounds, and existing therapies seldom re-engage the rapid, scar-sparing repair programs observed in nature. Planarians are super-regenerators capable of rebuilding the entire organism from small fragments, and their extracellular vesicles might encode potent prorepair cues. But whether planarian-derived extracellular vesicle

Time constants in spiking neural networks (SNNs) are crucial for determining performance. While prior work shows that learning time constants can improve accuracy, it typically assumes near-optimal initial values and rarely examines recovery from poor initializations. We systematically study how membrane and synaptic time constants affect SNN performance using multiple training strategies. Our res

Carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKp) represents a growing clinical threat due to convergence of resistance and virulence determinants. We conducted a multicenter genomic epidemiology study analysing CR-hvKp isolates collected from 19 tertiary-care hospitals across Türkiye between 2018 and 2023. CR-hvKp isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing to investigate

PurposeTürkiye ranks among the highest in antibiotic consumption within OECD countries and faces growing challenges from multidrug-resistant uropathogens. Nationwide, resistance-guided treatment data remain scarce. The main objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive nationwide data on antibiotic resistance patterns among uropathogens to guide treatment options in urinary tract infections

Background: Inadequate postoperative pain management after lumbar discectomy may delay recovery, increase the risk of chronic pain, and prolong hospitalization. Effective analgesic strategies must balance pain control with minimal adverse effects. Objective: To identify the most effective postoperative analgesic interventions for patients undergoing lumbar discectomy. Databases and Data Treatment:

AimThere is a need for updated reference intervals for iron status biomarkers during infancy. This study aimed to investigate reference interval trends and diurnal variation of iron, transferrin, and transferrin saturation in infants subjected to delayed cord clamping at birth (DCC).MethodsData analysis from population-based Swedish studies, including 362 term-born infants subjected to DCC ≥ 60 s.

Rupture of unstable atherosclerotic plaques is a major cause of mortality. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition associates with advanced atherosclerotic plaques and contributes to plaque progression. We examined the role of Twist1, a transcription factor that drives endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, in plaque progression by inducible deletion from endothelial cells in hypercholesterolemic mi

Background The 2023 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for acute coronary syndromes (ACS) maintained a Class III recommendation against routine pretreatment with oral P2Y12 inhibitors in non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS) and downgraded pretreatment in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) to Class IIb. This study evaluated real-world uptake of these recommendations

Rapid urban growth is making cities hotter, a trend further exacerbated by climate change. Urban green spaces (UGS) are commonly used as nature-based solutions to reduce heat, but there are gaps in understanding how cooling effects vary across climate zones. Using satellite data from 2021 to 2024, we examined urban heat and UGS patterns during the hot season across four Ethiopian cities with diffe