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We present a laser lithography technique based on lift-off, for fast and flexible prototyping of micro and nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS). The technique is based on direct laser writing on substrates coated with a resist bi-layer consisting of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) on lift-off resist (LOR). Laser writing melts and evaporates the PMMA exposing the LOR. Oxygen ashing removes PMMA
We consider the problem of computing a minimum weight pseudo-triangulation of a set S of n points in the plane. We first present an O(nlogn)-time algorithm that produces a pseudo-triangulation of weight O(wt(M(S))logn) which is shown to be asymptotically worst-case optimal, i.e., there exists a point set S for which every pseudo-triangulation has weight Omega(wt(M(S))logn), where wt(M(S)) is the w
We applied 27k spotted cDNA microarray slides to assess gene expression profiles in 26 samples from 24 patients with synovial sarcomas (SS). The data were analyzed in relation to histopathologic type, cytogenetic aberrations, gene fusion type and development of distant metastases. Supervised analysis based on gene fusion type in 12 SS with SS18/SSXI and 9 with SS18/SSX2 revealed significant differ
Identification and characterization of membrane proteins is of increasing importance in modern proteomic studies. It is of central interest to have access to methods that combine efficient solubilization with enrichment of proteins and intact protein complexes. Separation methods have been developed based on nondenaturing detergent extraction of yeast mitochondrial membrane proteins followed by en
Transposon mutagenesis provides a fundamental tool for functional genomics. Here we present a non-species-specific, combined enhancer detection and binary expression system based on the transposable element piggyBac: For the different components of this insertional mutagenesis system, we used widely applicable transposons and distinguishable broad-range transformation markers, which should enable
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of the efficacy results from 3 placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trials of slow-release mesalamine (Pentasa) for the acute treatment of mild to moderate Crohn's disease. METHODS: Three trials fulfilled the selection criteria (double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized studies in adult patients treated with Pentasa
The autodetachment of 1s2s2p 4p0 in He- and nsnp 2 4P(e) in Be- (n = 2), Mg- (n = 3), and Ca- (n = 4) is calculated using an extension to continum processes of the multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock method. The main interest is to investigate the processes giving rise to long-lived, metastable states in negative ions. In He- and Be- our results agree with earlier experimental and theoretical ones, an
Adenovirus-based (Ad) vectors are used widely for experimental gene transfer to the CNS. Ad transduce many cell types including postmitotic neurons. However, their use for, CNS gene transfer is limited due to the host immune response elicited. Furthermore, the extensive distribution of the primary cellular receptor for Ad, the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR), allows adenoviral vectors
An effective solvent model with an explicit solvent representation is described. The modelled perturbation of the solute due to the discrete solvent molecules includes polarization and a non-electrostatic interaction. The latter depends on the overlap between the solute wave function and the solvent orbitals and approximately accounts for the restraint the Pauli principle puts on the space which t
Individual differences in animal behavior can be attributed to genetic as well as non-genetic influences. One mechanism by which the behavioral phenotype of an individual can be shaped is via transmission of maternal sex steroids. In this study, we examined the role of yolk testosterone (T) in controlling neophobia in 9-month-old, sexually mature zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). Offspring hatc
The aim of the article is to put together four different studies and research perspectives. The four authors present their own studies about drug addicted mothers; fathers called into question by child welfare authorities; children in foster care; child welfare services. The four studies have a qualitative approach, interviewing parents and children in vulnerable positions and in contact with chil
Passivity arguments have long been used in the analysis of systems with friction. This paper proves a new set of integral quadratic constraints, which reduces the conservatism of such methods. The result is used to derive a quantitative bound on the amount of integrator leakage that is needed to remove stiction-induced oscillations in a servo system. Finally, an incremental version of the circle c
Assessing the timescales of recovery, by the use of dynamic models, will be used as input to the policy process to abate acidification. In this study the multilayer dynamic soil chemistry model SAFE was applied to 16 forest sites in Sweden, covering a sulfur deposition gradient of 1.2-11 kg S/ha/yr. Soil samples were collected at all sites and the pH and sulfate concentration dependent isotherm, u
We acclimated two species of sculpin, the freshwater prickly sculpin (Cottus asper) and the closely related marine Pacific staghorn sculpin (Leptocottus armatus) to freshwater (similar to 0 g/L), brackish water (15 g/L), and seawater (30 g/L) for at least 4 wk and examined the relationships between respiration, ion regulation, gill morphology, and freshwater tolerance. The prickly sculpin successf
The oxidation of free DHA has been investigated with respect to monohydroperoxides and polyhydroperoxides, which were analyzed with a novel HPLC method. The temperature and physical system, i.e., bulk and liposome, were varied. We have also studied the effects of antioxidants Such as alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and juice from sea buckthorn on DHA. The HPLC method, which was performed isocrati
Conventional methods often impose difficulties when measuring the viscosity of fluids containing particles or fibres, e.g. tomato paste or fruit preparations, mainly due to the narrow gaps of the viscometer. In order to solve these problems different geometries have been developed, e.g. different mixer systems and wide gap double concentric cylinders. However, these can not be evaluated assuming a
The limitations of a pseudo-transient approach for modeling temperature wave propagation in district heating pipes were investigated by comparing numerical predictions with experimental data. The performance of two approaches, namely a pseudo-transient approach implemented in the finite element code ANSYS and a node method, was examined for a low turbulent Reynolds number regime and small velocity
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The introduction of TNF- alpha -inhibiting biologicals has been a major therapeutic breakthrough in rheumatoid arthritis therapy. Against a background of conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug experience, this review focuses on present experiences and possible future developments. TNF inhibition results in profound improvement in the majority of rheumatoid arthritis patients, but non-re
