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The role of biomass burning aerosols in the climate system is still poorly quantified, in part due to uncertainties regarding the optical properties of elemental and organic carbon (EC and OC, respectively), the main constituents of pyrogenic aerosols. In this study, we utilize comprehensive physical and chemical field measurements of biomass burning aerosols in Brazil to constrain the densities a
Abstract in UndeterminedCash-Flow-at-Risk (CFaR) is the cash flow equivalent of Value-at-Risk (VaR), a measure widely used as the basis for risk management in financial institutions. Whereas VaR-based systems specify the maximum amount of total value a firm is expected to lose under most foreseeable conditions (for example, with a 99% confidence level), CFaR-based systems determine the maximum sho
Although imaging and inverse scattering problems have been thoroughly studied during the last century, there is only a partial understanding of these complex problems. Most of the efforts have been placed on the development of efficient inversion algorithms and mathematical uniqueness results. In comparison, there are very few results and a limited knowledge about the information content in the in
Large and complex software systems are developed as a tremendous engineering effort. The aim of the development is to satisfy the customer by delivering the right product, with the right quality, and on time. Errors made by engineers will always occur when a system is developed, but their number can be decreased by process improvement and their effect can be reduced by removing them as early as po
Lower leg lymphatics, taken from seven volunteers, were investigated in vitro. Isometric contractions were induced by noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), and the thromboxane A2 (TXA2)-mimetic U-44069. Noradrenaline induced phasic contractions in 6 of 7 segments. The amplitude of the contractions were up to 100% of a previous K+ (124mM)-induced contractio
Inhaled long-acting beta(2)-agonists are frequently used for the treatment of asthma. When introduced to the market, the drug was accompanied by a debate among physicians and scientists raising warnings against the use of beta(2)-agonists, leading to a risk of tachyphylaxis and worsening of asthma control. During recent years, much of these warnings have been counter proved and there has been a te
Popular Abstract in Swedish Torkning av ett poröst material sker i två perioder: en period med konstant torkhastighet och en period med fallande torkhastighet. Under perioden med konstant torkhastighet, bestäms torkhastigheten av de yttre förhållandena beträffande värme- och masstransport, och torkhastigheten påverkas inte av det torkande materialets egenskaper. Under perioden med fallande torkhasThe drying of a porous material occurs in two different periods: the constant rate period and the falling rate period. During the constant rate period, the drying rate is determined by the external conditions regarding heat and mass transfer, and the drying rate is not influenced by the properties of the drying material. During the falling rate period, the material properties, such as the transpor
A search for single top quark production is performed in e(+/-) pcollisions at HERA. The search exploits data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 118.3 pb(-1). A model for the anomalous production of top quarks in a flavour changing neutral current process involving a tugamma coupling is investigated. Decays of top quarks into a b quark and a W boson are considered in the leptonic and the
Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the HD gene. The huntingtin protein expressed from HD has an unknown function but is suggested to interact with proteins involved in the cell division machinery. The R6/2 transgenic mouse is the most widely used model to study HD. In R6/2 fibroblast cultures, a reduced mitotic index
Associative learning in the cerebellum underlies motor memories and probably also cognitive associations. Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning, a widely used experimental model of such learning, depends on the cerebellum, but the memory locus within the cerebellum as well as the underlying mechanisms have remained controversial. To date, crucial information on how cerebellar Purkinje cells change their
Failure of response to treatment or recurrent disease is often noted in patients with penile intraepithelial neoplasia. Photodynamic therapy has recently been added to the list of treatment modalities used for this diagnosis. Our primary objective was to study the results of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of penile intraepithelial neoplasia in men over the age of 40 years. Ten patients aged
Four cases of atlanto-occipital dislocation are described. Two of the cases were found in a material of 407 patients with rheumatoid arthritis indicating a frequency of 0.5 per cent. All the patients had severe mutilating changes of the peripheral joints as well as of the cervical spine and all developed severe neurologic symptoms. The diagnosis is not easy to set on conventional films so conventi
Several previous authors have argued that Finnish lacks a true passive construction, and relabel the form ''indefinite,''''impersonal'' or ''suppressive'.' In this paper, we first devise a set of criteria for passives cross-linguistically; we then present syntactic and morphological evidence to show that the Finnish construction displays all the key features we would expect from a passive.
The main aim of this study was to evaluate an occupational therapy based intervention aimed at increasing the accessibility to buildings with public facilities in a Swedish town centre, which targeted physical environmental barriers. The intervention was occupational therapy advice based on the environmental assessments of each facility, given to the facility owners in order to ease the removal of
OBJECTIVES: To assess the coexistence of hypertension and diabetes, associations with cardiovascular risk factors and the achievement of current treatment goals. DESIGN: A community-based, cross-sectional, observational study. SETTING: Hypertension and diabetes outpatient clinics in primary health care, Skara, Sweden. SUBJECTS: All patients (n = 1116; 488 men, 628 women) who performed an annual fo
