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The healthfulness of a dietary pattern is not merely measured in its content of nutrients, but also of the diversity of the ingredients present. The methods of analyzing dietary diversity, such as Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) index and Dietary Species Richness (DSR), have been developed in the last decades, used to capture different forms of dietary diversity. Increased dietary dive

Cancer som är en vanligt förekommande sjukdom kan behandlas med cellgifter. Dessa cellgifter består vanligtvis av den aktiva substanser inom familjen taxaner som genom inbindning till β-tubulin kan förhindra funktionen av celldelning vilket i sin tur leder till programmerad celldöd. Ett vanligt förekommande problem är att både sjuka och friska celler attackeras. Utöver detta finns även ett ökande Taxanes are commonly used as a first-line anti-cancer treatment and binds to β-tubulin, hindering its function forming functional microtubules which eventually leads to cell death. Challenges surrounding selectivity and taxane resistance through drug efflux has been a major issue regarding this treatment. Naturally derived compounds called taccalonolides has proven that a covalent inhibition can r

Before a ligand is ready for commercial use as a drug, a long process of ligand optimization and understanding of the binding dynamics between the ligand and the drug target is required. One approach to tackling this is X-ray crystallography, which involves solving the structure of protein-ligand complexes. The information from the solved structures can be used to further optimize ligands until th

Proteoglykaner är makromolekyler som finns i många djur, däribland människan. Proteoglykaner består av ett centralt protein som är kovalent bundet till en eller flera glykosaminoglykaner, en lång, laddad sockerkedja som är syntetiserad i celler. Både proteoglykaner och fria glykosaminoglykaner spelar en stor roll i djurs biologi, till exempel som ligander för tillväxtfaktorer eller som struktureleProteoglycans are macromolecules that play a vital role in mammals, acting as structural elements and ligands for proteins. Proteoglycans consist of a protein core, as well as one or more glycosaminoglycan, a saccharide chain synthesised by cells. This biosynthesis starts through the xylosylation of a serine residue of the core protein, that the glycosaminoglycan is subsequently built on. In vivo

(O)naturligt lidande: Ett kulturanalytiskt perspektiv av att få medicinsk behandling för premenstruellt syndrom Syftet med denna uppsats är att utforska erfarenheter av premenstruellt syndrom (PMS) och medicinsk behandling för det. Med hjälp av en materiell-diskursiv intrapsykisk tankemodell analyseras deltagarnas skildringar genom objekt, diskurser, känslor och interna värdesystem för att ge oliThis thesis explores experiences of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and receiving medical treatment for it. Adopting a material-discursive intrapsychic model of thought, the participants' depictions are analyzed through objects, discourses, emotions and internal value systems in order to give various perspectives on PMS as well as contextualize the complex relationship between individual, group, a

The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) amendment of 2024 is a major tool in the EU’s environmental aim of net-zero carbon emissions for the building stock by 2050. The overall goal is to improve energy performance, boost renovation rates, reduce energy bills and support decarbonisation of the building stock. This thesis investigates through a literature review, what the 2024 recast o

Preterm infants benefit from combined supplementation of arachidonic acid (ARA), docosahex-aenoic acid (DHA) and choline, but ARA/DHA-rich oils are highly susceptible to lipid oxida-tion. This project aimed to develop and evaluate choline-enriched DHA/ARA oil-in-water emulsions with suitable physical and oxidative stability. Emulsions were prepared by high-pressure homogenization using two AquaCel

This master’s thesis focused on the crystallisation of E. coli ribonucleotide reductase repressor (NrdR) in the scope of fragment-based drug design. Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem and NrdR is thought to be a potential drug target for a new group of antibiotics. NrdR proteins are only found in bacteria and regulate the transcription of ribonucleotide reductase genes by binding to two Nr

Mot bakgrund av det historiskt låga barnafödsantalet i Sverige och den diskussion som omger detta, intresserar sig studien för hur barnfria individer, särskilt kvinnor, upplever att de blir bemötta i relation till pronatalistiska normer. Vidare ökar i samband med det sjunkande barnantalet, även uppmärksammandet av de som inte vill ha barn, det vill säga barnfria. Studien syftar därmed till att und

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are increasingly used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. As their use expands, continued post-marketing safety monitoring is important, especially for uncommon but serious adverse events. Despite conflicting evidence regarding causality, pancreatitis, in particular, has remained a clinical and regulatory concern for GLP-1 drugs. Thi

Supramolecular hydrogels have attracted increasing attention in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and injectable biomaterials because of their high water content, good biocompatibility, and dynamic network structures. Cyclodextrin-based supramolecular systems can form network structures through host–guest interactions. These systems usually require mild cross-linking conditions and allow flexible

Peptidbaserade läkemedel har fått stort genomslag under de senaste åren, särskilt genom utvecklingen av hormonliknande peptider såsom GLP-1-analoger, som har visat god effekt vid behandling av diabetes och obesitas, två växande folksjukdomar och betydande riskfaktorer för död i förtid i Sverige. Men peptidbaserade läkemedel har funnits betydligt längre än så, där det första var insulin av animalisTherapeutic peptides are a fast-increasing segment in the pharmaceutical industry, and GLP-1 analogues stood for two out of the three most sold drugs last year, 2025. The most common production method of peptides is based on Merrifield’s discovery of solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), which uses large volumes of hazardous chemicals like N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), piperidine, and trifluoraceti

This thesis examines the extent to which relational preconditions for innovation are institutionalised within the governance framework of the third pillar of Horizon Europe. Departing from the observation that existing research on EU innovation governance has focused predominantly on funding mechanisms and regulatory instruments, the study addresses a conceptual gap: while innovation theory consis

In December 2025, the European Council approved a €90 bn loan to cover Ukraine’s financing needs for 2026–2027, backed by the EU budget headroom. This marked a pragmatic turn after the initial proposal to leverage €210 bn in immobilised assets from the Central Bank of Russia for a Reparations Loan encountered insurmountable resistance. Belgium, as host to most of the assets, demanded unlimited gua

The topic of Nord Stream 2 was a centrepiece of many discussions about reliance on Russia despite its dubious actions against Ukraine since 2014. The decision to construct the pipeline in 2015 and continue it despite many objections from both inside and outside of the European Union in the following years only fed the discourse. This thesis asks the following Research Question: To what extent can

This thesis examines how the Nordic Council constructs and employs narrative within its implementation of Agenda 2030 as a means of strengthening its ontological security and collective sense of self. This approach implies that security is not only a product of material protection rather also a product of interpretive coherence. The Agenda 2030 is treated as a tool that frames complex policy quest

This thesis analyses and evaluates youth participation within the EU and to what extent, and under what conditions the EU´s youth participation mechanisms provide young citizens with efficient tools for political influence. To research the link between the mechanisms aimed at their effectiveness, this thesis uses a deliberative democracy framework as well as three dimensions based on Archon Fung´s

This thesis is about how the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has propelled competence creep forward in the European Union by consistently applying a broad interpretation of EU law to social policy court rulings. To derive these results, 180 social policy cases were analyzed and coded using systematic content analysis, transforming qualitative data into quantifiable data. The analysis

Sweden joined the EU defence framework Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) upon its inception at the end of 2017. With its tradition of scepticism towards EU defence integration and history of non-alignment this was a significant step for Sweden. This thesis will follow earlier analyses of the EUs defence cooperation and tests Sweden’s membership against the theory of Liberal Intergovernmenta

Switzerland operates one of the strictest regimes regulating posted work in Europe, going beyond what EU law requires in several aspects. Based on Switzerland's interpretation of the Posted Work Directive, it introduced the so-called Flanking Measures, which regulates posted work in Switzerland, and despite posing burdensome administrative costs, limited market access, and potentially high fin