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Background The dura mater has a permeable vasculature similar to that of peripheral organs, and is separated from the brain, which is enclosed within the arachnoid barrier. Fluid and solute transport across the arachnoid barrier between the subarachnoid space (SAS) and dura is crucial for brain waste clearance and immune surveillance, but few neuroimaging approaches can capture this dynamic proces
The ability to hold listeners’ attention and prevent habituation is a crucial design feature for both biological and human-made distress and alarm signals, but their intrusive nature also causes stress and annoyance. To investigate what makes vocalizations distracting and annoying, we developed Self-Steered Sound Synthesis—a new experimental paradigm for studying voice perception, in which untrain
ObjectivesPeople with serious illness approaching end of life often end up in emergency and hospital care, frequently against expressed preferences. Consequently, oncology trials record care days as a measure of treatment burden called “time toxicity.” However, this measure ignores the diminishing marginal utility of time: that the value of a day is higher when fewer remain. We aimed to incorporat
The study investigates how the Best Interests of the Child principle in the UN Children's Rights Convention (Article 3) has been adapted in custody disputes in Egypt, Sweden, and Uzbekistan. Although the Convention on the Rights of the Child offers a common normative benchmark, divergent legal cultures shape its domestic meaning: Egypt is governed by religious and state legal norms intersecting wi
European forests have served as a critical carbon sink, absorbing approximately 10% of annual anthropogenic CO₂ emissions in the EU, as a result of both increased forest area and growing stock since 1950. However, this sink has declined by one-third over the past decade, based on the EU National Greenhouse Gas Inventory. This decline has been proposed to be due to multiple interacting factors: cli
Bedömning av ett barns talsvårigheter behöver baseras på flera uppgifter och testmetoder för att möjliggöra identifiering av den eller de talproduktionsnivåer som är inblandade. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur ett benämningstest och ett dynamiskt motoriskt taltest bidrog till observationer av talbeteenden förenliga med brister i talmotorisk planering. Deltagarna var 28 barn mellan tre ochThe assessment of a child’s speech problem should incorporate several tasks and sampling methods to identify the difficulties appointing the speech production level/s involved. This study aimed to investigate how a dynamic motor speech test contributed to a naming test in observing speech characteristics consistent with deficits of speech motor planning. Participants were 28 children, 3 to 9 years
Wood density is a crucial anatomical trait influencing forest carbon storage. However, dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) typically assume a fixed species-level wood density, neglecting environment-driven variability. In this proof-of-concept study, we explore the potential impact of dynamic wood density on tree- and forest-level carbon storage by integrating a simple temperature-response fu
BackgroundIntravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) have been suggested as an adjunctive treatment in streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS), but there are no conclusive trials. In southern Sweden, IVIG is routinely used in certain hospitals but not in others. We hypothesized that this would resemble a natural experiment, and aimed to evaluate the effect of IVIG in STSS patients.MethodWe conducted a p
Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) experience long diagnostic delays, high functional class at diagnosis and poor prognosis. We aimed to study the differentiative and predictive value of 90 inflammatory and immunomodulatory related proteins in idiopathic and hereditary PAH (IPAH/HPAH) and systemic sclerosis-associated PAH (SSc-APAH). Cohort 1 comprised patients with SSc-APAH ( n
En syntesmässig sammanfattning av de europeiska ostindiska kompaniernas historia, med störst fokus på Nederländerna och England.
Detta är en finsk översättning av min bok Vikingarnas historia. Översättare: Tiina Sjelvgren.
In everyday listening, speech perception occurs under conditions where acoustic information may be incomplete or ambiguous, including background noise and variability in signal quality. Listeners must navigate ambiguous, masked or rapidly unfolding speech signal in order to comprehend spoken language. While prediction has been widely discussed and acknowledged in speech perception, less is known a
Iran’s extraterritorial violence constitutes a structural element of state policy, implemented through a coordinated system of intelligence services, diplomatic platforms, proxy militias, and criminal intermediaries. Rooted in revolutionary doctrine and operationalized by institutions such as the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and its external arm, the Quds Force, this apparatus has enab
Much foundational work in Sociology of Law (SoL) has considered the role of law in society as well as the role of society in law. This duality has opened for nuanced accounts of the impact of formal law (referred as legal norms herein) by empirically studying formal laws and everyday interactions making up various social norms which may at times align with one another or be in conflict. Recently,
