Lesions in the gene encoding steroid 21-hydroxylase result in congenital adrenal hyperplasia, with impaired secretion of cortisol and aldosterone from the adrenal cortex and overproduction of androgens. A limited number of mutations account for the majority of mutated alleles, but additional rare mutations are responsible for the symptoms in some patients. A total of 11 missense mutations has prev

Propagation of a single-reaction wave in a constant-density turbulent flow is studied by considering reaction rates that depend on the reaction progress variable c in a highly nonlinear manner. Analysis of Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) data obtained recently from 26 reaction waves characterized by low Damköhler (0.01 < Da < 1) and high Karlovitz (6.5 < Ka < 587) numbers reveals the following

This article aims to demonstrate that building envelopes can be designed to improve the performance of public open space in Hong Kong. It investigates how such improvement can be used to negotiate between objective and regulation in planning standards. Addressing a research site with a publicly accessible pocket park in the Mong Kok area, the article explores generative potentials at the interface

RE:WATERFRONT evaluates theories and results from an interdisciplinary design experience with focus on urban architecture in sustainability discourse. Taking the design teaching of “RE:WATERFRONT: Post-industrial harbor transformation at Frihamnen in Gothenburg, Sweden” as a case study, this book intends to tackle the theme of re-development in urban voids. The aim is to introduce a methodological

This case report describes a 66-year old woman with Parkinson´s disease and a subacute onset lateral postural deformity. She experienced severe back pain and reduced walking ability. She was diagnosed with Pisa syndrome and sagittal and coronal imbalance was observed on radiographs. Posterior reconstructive surgery was performed from sacrum to Th10. Post operatively, sagittal and coronal imbalance

Orchids have minute, air-filled seeds and are considered as efficient dispersers and colonizers. Yet, empirical studies show that most seeds fall within the nearest metre from the mother plant in orchids, and that individuals standing close to each other are often closely related. A poor contribution to gene dispersal by seeds may be compensated for by more efficient dispersal by pollen, but in auOrchids have minute, air-filled seeds and are considered to be efficient dispersers and colonizers. However, empirical studies show that most seeds fall within a metre of the mother plant in orchids, and that individuals standing close to each other are often closely related. A poor contribution to gene dispersal by seeds may be compensated for by more efficient dispersal by pollen, but in autogam

Some lactic acid bacteria, especially Lactobacillus spp., possess adhesive properties enabling colonization of the human gastrointestinal tract. Two probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum strains, WCSF1 and 299v, display highly different mannose-specific adhesion, with L. plantarum 299v being superior to L. plantarum WCFS1 based on a yeast agglutination assay. A straightforward correlation between the

Background and Aims The island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea had no contact with surrounding continental areas since the withdrawal of the Weichselian ice sheet at ca 17 ka BP. Plants present on Gotland must have arrived by long distance dispersal, so populations are expected to exhibit reduced levels of genetic diversity compared with surrounding mainlands. However, orchids have very small seeds, Background and AimsThe island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea has had no contact with surrounding continental areas since the withdrawal of the Weichselian ice sheet at approx. 17 ka BP. Plants present on Gotland must have arrived by long-distance dispersal, so populations are expected to exhibit reduced levels of genetic diversity compared with populations on surrounding mainlands. However, orchids

In the Nordic countries, as in other contemporary societies across the world, increased migration following from conflicts, persecution and natural disasters has led to the arrival of and ensuing responsibility for cohorts of refugees and asylum seekers, many of which are underage children. With small chances of a safe return to their homelands for years to come, these children rely on the policie

Disentangling phylogenetic relationships proves challenging for groups that have evolved recently, especially if there is ongoing reticulation. Although they are in most cases immediately isolated from diploid relatives, sets of sibling allopolyploids often hybridize with each other, thereby increasing the complexity of an already challenging situation. Dactylorhiza (Orchidaceae: Orchidinae) is a

BACKGROUND: Platelets are a critical element in coagulation and inflammation, and activated platelets are linked to cancer risk through diverse mechanisms. However, a causal relationship between platelets and risk of lung cancer remains unclear. METHODS: We performed single and combined multiple instrumental variable Mendelian randomization analysis by an inverse-weighted method, in addition to a

In this thesis we discuss the assembly of thermoresponsive microgel particles into small clusters, and their use as colloidal molecules with specific and directional interactions. The underlying goal is to use these particles as advanced building blocks for new types of self- assembled structures with novel or vastly improved properties, and as model particles for investigating fundamental problemIn this thesis we discuss the assembly of thermoresponsive microgel particles into small clusters, and their use as colloidal molecules with specific and directional interactions. The underlying goal is to use these particles as advanced building blocks for new types of self- assembled structures with novel or vastly improved properties, and as model particles for investigating fundamental problem

BACKGROUND Living anonymous donation (LAD) of kidneys was introduced in Sweden in 2004. This study reports on outcomes of Swedish LAD experiences from 2004 to 2016, focusing on donors' motives, the care they received, psychosocial aspects, and medical status at follow-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS Donor data were collected through a physician interview, medical check-up, review of medical charts, the H

Despite the great advances in synthesis of III-V ternary nanowires over the past decade, there is a lack of understanding and detailed information about Al 1-x In x As nanowire growth. Recently, we have developed an analytical approach for understanding the composition of ternary nanowires nucleating from a quaternary liquid melt. Herein, we use our model to describe the formation of Al 1-x In