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Potential relationship between eGFRcystatin C /eGFRcreatinine -ratio and glomerular basement membrane thickness in diabetic kidney disease

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease and renal replacement therapy worldwide. A pathophysiological hallmark of DKD is glomeru- lar basal membrane (GBM) thickening, whereas this feature is absent in minimal change disease (MCD). According to fundamental transport physiological principles, a thicker GBM will impede the diffusion of middle-molecules such as cyst

Krisposeringarna - analys

Personer som deltar i en väpnad konflikt och som i samband med konflikten poserar på bild eller film intill stympade eller kränkta människokroppar kan lagföras för krigsförbrytelse i Sverige. Enligt Högsta domstolens avgörande 2021-05-05, mål nr B 5595-19. utgör en sådan handling en allvarlig kränkning av de dödas personliga värdighet som är straffbelagt med fängelse. Artikeln analyserar fallet.

Visualizing and Communicating Errors in Rendered Images

In rendering research and development, it is important to have a formalizedway of visualizing and communicating how and where errors occur whenrendering with a given algorithm. Such evaluation is often done by comparingthe test image to a ground-truth reference image. We present a tool for doingthis for both low and high dynamic range images. Our tool is based on aperception-motivated error metric

Skin hydration as a tool to control the distribution and molecular effects of intermediate polarity compounds in intact stratum corneum

The barrier function of the skin is mainly assured by its outermost layer, stratum corneum (SC), which consists of dead keratin-filled cells embedded in a lipid matrix. The skin is daily exposed to an environment with changing conditions in terms of hydration and different chemicals. Here we investigate how a molecule that has reasonable solubility in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic environments

Structure and transport mechanism of P5B-ATPases

In human cells, P5B-ATPases execute the active export of physiologically important polyamines such as spermine from lysosomes to the cytosol, a function linked to a palette of disorders. Yet, the overall shape of P5B-ATPases and the mechanisms of polyamine recognition, uptake and transport remain elusive. Here we describe a series of cryo-electron microscopy structures of a yeast homolog of human

Epidemiology of 40 blood biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism, vitamin status, inflammation, and renal and endothelial function among cancer-free older adults

Imbalances of blood biomarkers are associated with disease, and biomarkers may also vary non-pathologically across population groups. We described variation in concentrations of biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism, vitamin status, inflammation including tryptophan metabolism, and endothelial and renal function among cancer-free older adults. We analyzed 5167 cancer-free controls aged 40–80 years f

Breast cancer cell line toxicity of a flavonoid isolated from Baccharis densiflora

Background: Flavonoids are compounds of interest in the search for new anti-cancer therapies. We have previously isolated the methoxyflavones 5,4′-dihydroxy-6,7,8,3′-tetramethoxyflavone (8-methoxycirsilineol), 5,4′-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone (xanthomicrol), and 5,4,'3′-trihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone (sideritoflavone) from Baccharis densiflora. Herein, we investigate the toxicity of thes

Direct contact between Plasmodium falciparum and human B-cells in a novel co-culture increases parasite growth and affects B-cell growth

Background: Plasmodium falciparum parasites cause malaria and co-exist in humans together with B-cells for long periods of time. Immunity is only achieved after repeated exposure. There has been a lack of methods to mimic the in vivo co-occurrence, where cells and parasites can be grown together for many days, and it has been difficult with long time in vitro studies. Methods and results: A new me

Forest floor fluxes drive differences in the carbon balance of contrasting boreal forest stands

The forest floor provides an important interface of soil-atmosphere CO2 exchanges but their controls and contributions to the ecosystem-scale carbon budget are uncertain due to measurement limitations. In this study, we deployed eddy covariance systems below- and above-canopy to measure the spatially integrated net forest floor CO2 exchange (NFFE) and the entire net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) at

Diagnostic codes of cancer in Skåne healthcare register : a validation study using individual-level data in southern Sweden

Background: The Swedish healthcare is decentralised to 21 regions. Detailed information on all delivered care in the southernmost region, Skåne, is prospectively collected in the Skåne Healthcare Register (SHR). The data is updated daily and hence a good source for epidemiological studies. However, the diagnostic codes used to identify cancer patients in SHR have not yet been validated. Methods: W

Different approaches to selection of surgical trainees in the European Union

Background: There is an increasing global interest in selection processes for candidates to surgical training. The aim of the present study is to compare selection processes to specialist surgeon training in the European Union (EU). A secondary goal is to provide guidance for evidence-based methods by a proposed minimum standard that would align countries within the EU. Methods: Publications and g

Scientific models in legal judgements : The relationship between law and environmental science as problem-feeding

Legal decision-making often relies on scientific knowledge and information of other kinds, not least in environmental law where legal institutions use environmental modeling to, for example, project expected effects of projects when approving or denying permits. In this paper, using the problem-feeding model of interdisciplinarity, we analyze this relationship as an exchange of problems and soluti

Free silver nanoparticles doped by potassium : Work-function change in experiment and theory

The composition-dependent change in the work-function (WF) of binary silver-potassium nanoparticles has been studied experimentally by synchrotron-based x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) and theoretically using a microscopic jellium model of metals. The Ag-K particles with different K fractions were produced by letting a beam of preformed Ag particles pass through a volume with K vapor. The P

A soft x-ray probe of a titania photoelectrode sensitized with a triphenylamine dye

We present a thorough soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study of a mesoporous titanium dioxide electrode sensitized with the dye 4-(diphenylamino)phenylcyanoacrylic acid, referred to as “L0.” Supported by calculations, the suite of XPS, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, and resonant photoelectron spectroscopy allows us to examine bonding interactions between the dye and the surface and the

Finite-size shifts in simulated protein droplet phase diagrams

Computer simulation can provide valuable insight into the forces driving biomolecular liquid-liquid phase separation. However, the simulated systems have a limited size, which makes it important to minimize and control finite-size effects. Here, using a phenomenological free-energy ansatz, we investigate how the single-phase densities observed in a canonical system under coexistence conditions dep

Dual bronchodilator therapy as first-line treatment in maintenance-naïve patients with symptomatic copd : A pre-specified analysis of the emax trial

Introduction: Limited prospective evidence is available to guide selection of first-line maintenance therapy in patients with COPD. This pre-specified analysis of the EMAX trial explored the efficacy and safety of dual-versus mono-bronchodilator therapy in maintenance-naïve and maintenance-treated patients. Methods: The 24-week EMAX trial evaluated lung function, symptoms (including rescue medicat