This article uses a socio-legal perspective to analyse the use of ethics guidelines as governance tool in the development and use of artificial intelligence (AI). This has become a central policy area in several large jurisdictions, including China and Japan, as well as the EU, focused here. Particular emphasis is in this article placed on the Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI published by the

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has been reported for out-hospital (OHCA) and in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) separately, but potential differences between the two groups are unknown. The aim of this study is therefore to describe and compare HRQoL in patients surviving OHCA and IHCA. Methods: Patients ≥18 years with Cerebral Performance Category 1–3 included in the Swedish Re

Environmental considerations, concerning the negative impacts of ship exhaust gases and particles on ambient air quality, are behind the requirements of cleaner marine fuels currently applied in designated emission control areas (ECAs). We investigated the impact of a ship operating on two types of fuel on the indoor air quality onboard. Gaseous and particulate air pollutants were measured in the

Steam is a common medium in thermal engineering. When it flows through a throttling element, the aerodynamic noise may occur due to the disturbance. In this investigation, superheated steam flowing through a Venturi tube, one of the main parts in a temperature and pressure regulation valve, at different thermal conditions is studied to analyze to effects of heat transfer on the acoustic power. Wit

We have studied the dissociation of the trifluoromethane molecule, CHF3, into negative ionic fragments at the C 1s and F 1s edges. The measurements were performed by detecting coincidences between negative and positive ions. We observed five different negative ions: F−, H−, C−, CF−, and F2 −. Their production was confirmed by the analysis of triple coincidence events (negative-ion/positive-ion/pos

BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus lugdunensis belongs to the CoNS group, but is regarded to be more virulent than most other CoNS. It is also remarkably susceptible to antibiotics, including penicillin G. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate different methods for penicillin susceptibility testing, to assess penicillin susceptibility rates among S. lugdunensis and to describe the clinical presentation including antibi

Introduction: Obese primiparous women with induction of labor are at high risk for a cesarean section. There are contradictory results regarding time in induced labor in relation to maternal body mass index (BMI). It is important to characterize the course of induced labor to prevent unnecessary cesarean section. We aimed to evaluate whether the duration of labor was associated with maternal BMI i

The strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the ε4 allele of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) and recent genome-wide association meta-analyses have confirmed additional associated genetic loci with smaller effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of an AD polygenic risk score (PRS) and APOE status to predict clinical diagnosis of AD, vascular (VD), mixed (MD), and

The recent Regulation (EU) 2019/1381, published on the 6th September 2019, aims to improve the transparency and sustainability of the EU risk assessment in the food chain by amending the General Food Law Regulation (EC 178/2002) and a number of other regulations related to the food sector. This Regulation is introduced as a response to the Fitness Check of the General Food Law Regulation as well a

SummaryCancer is a multifactorial inheritance disorder caused by a combination of small variations in genes, often acting together with environmental factors. GWASs provide a potential method to investigate the genetic basis of such complex diseases, but they are limited to two main classes of cancer susceptibility variants with different levels of risk and prevalence in the general population: ra

This thesis uses field experiments, lab experiments, and theory to study questions that are relevant to the fields of education and behavioral economics.The first paper, Threshold Incentives and Academic Performance, begins with the observation that students often face incentives to reach performance thresholds. To study how these incentives affect their performance, Erik Wengström and I conduct a

Thispaperconsidersasimplemodelwhereasocialplannercaninfluencethespread-intensity of an infection wave, and, consequently, also the economic activity and population health, throughasingleparameter. Populationhealthisassumedtoonlybenegativelyaffectedwhen thenumberofsimultaneouslyinfectedexceedshealthcarecapacity. Themainfindingisthat if (i) the planner attaches a positive weight on economic activity a

This paper considers time exchanges via a common platform (e.g., markets for exchanging time units, positions at education institutions, and tuition waivers). There are several problems associated with such markets, e.g., imbalanced outcomes, coordination problems, and inefficiencies. We model time exchanges as matching markets and construct a non-manipulable mechanism that selects an individually

We spend about two thirds of our time in private homes where airborne particles of indoor and outdoor origins are present. The negative health effects of exposure to outdoor particles are known. The characteristics of indoor airborne particles, though, are not well understood. This study assesses the differences in chemical composition of PM1 (

Initiation of adaptive immunity to particulate antigens in lymph nodes largely depends on their presentation by migratory dendritic cells (DCs). DC subsets differ in their capacity to induce specific types of immunity, allowing subset-specific DC-targeting to influence vaccination and therapy outcomes. Faithful drug design, however, requires exact understanding of subset-specific versus global act

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the dominant antibody isotype in the gut and has been shown to regulate microbiota. Mucosal IgA is also widely believed to prevent food allergens from penetrating the gut lining. Even though recent work has elucidated how bacteria-reactive IgA is induced, little is known about how IgA to food antigens is regulated. Although IgA is presumed to be induced in a healthy gut a