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Artikeln utgår från Magnus Perssons studie av legitimeringar i svenska läroplaner i "Varför läsa litteratur" (2007) och gör motsvarande undersökning av de ryska läroplaner som publicerats sedan 1991. Legitimeringar har extraherats ur läroplaner från 1997 och 2004. Dessa delas sedan in i kategorierna individcentrerade, samhällscentrerade och litteraturcentrerade. Legitimeringarna fördelade sig förh
Transient far-infrared conductivity of as-grown and dye-sensitized ZnO nanotips is measured using time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy. We reveal that the sensitization procedure dramatically affects the transport properties of ZnO nanotips. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
Building a detailed understanding of the structure function relationship is a crucial step in the optimization of molecular photocatalysts employed in water splitting schemes. The optically dark nature of their active sites usually prevents a complete mapping of the photoinduced dynamics. In this work, transient X-ray absorption spectroscopy highlights the electronic and geometric changes that aff
We consider channels affected by intersymbol interference with reduced-complexity, mutual information optimized, channel-shortening detection. For such settings, we optimize the transmit filter, taking into consideration the reduced receiver complexity constraint. As figure of merit, we consider the achievable information rate of the entire system and with functional analysis, we establish a gener
Previous studies have shown that obesity and hypertension are associated with increased risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but less is known about the association to other metabolic factors. In the Metabolic Syndrome and Cancer project (Me-Can) data on body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), blood pressure, and circulating levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides were collected from 560,388 men an
Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is diagnosed at the metastatic stage. We aimed to identify hidden primary cancers in CUP patients by comparison with cancers in family members. We take use of the fact that the cause of death in CUP patients is often coded as the cancer in the organ of fatal metastasis. Forty-one thousand five hundred and twenty-three CUP patients were identified in the Swedish Fami
The adiabatic laminar burning velocities of a commercial gasoline and of a model fuel (n-heptane, iso-octane, and toluene mixture) of close research octane number have been measured at 358 K. Non-stretched flames were stabilized on a perforated plate burner at 1 atm. The heat flux method was used to determine burning velocities under conditions for which the net heat loss of the flame is zero. Ver
Kerstin Thorvall (1925–2010) is a Swedish author of books for children and young adults, as well as books for adults. In 1965, she wrote the article “Do all authors of children's books live in Tomtebolandet?” (“Bor alla barnboksförfattare i Tomtebolandet”, Expressen 1965) in which she claims that gender roles in Swedish children's literature, are depicted in an old and stereotypical fashion. She a
OBJECTIVE-We report here genotyping data and type 1 diabetes association analyses for HLA class I loci (A, B, and C) on 1,753 multiplex pedigrees from the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (T1DGC), a large international collaborative study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Complete eight-locus HLA genotyping data were generated. Expected patient class I (HLA-A, -B, and -C) allele frequencies were cal
Monocytes and macrophages are part of the body’s first line of defense, eliminating pathogens by phagocytosis or by releasing a broad array of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, chemokines and proteases. In humans, three subsets of monocytes are described with seemingly different functions. The classical (CD14++CD16-) monocytes, the intermediate (CD14++CD16+) monocytes and the non-classica
The b-hadron production cross section is measured with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV, using 3.3 pb(-1) of integrated luminosity, collected during the 2010 LHC run. The b-hadrons are selected by partially reconstructing D*(+)mu X- final states. Differential cross sections are measured as functions of the transverse momentum and pseudorapidity. The measured production cross s
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) was identified in 3.2% of 21 463 residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, 50 years of age or older. The risk of progression to multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, AL amyloidosis or a lymphoproliferative disorder is approximately 1% per year. Low-risk MGUS is characterized by having an M protein < 15 g/l, IgG type and a normal
In this paper, optimization problems arising in model predictive control (MPC) and in distributed MPC aresolved by applying a fast gradient method to the dual of the MPC optimization problem. Although the development of fast gradient methods has improved the convergence rate of gradient-based methods considerably, they are still sensitive to ill-conditioning of the problem data. Since similar opti
The Anselmian claim that God is that than which a greater cannot be thought in virtue of being ‘whatever it is better to be than not to be’ may be accused of incoherence or even unintelligibility. By proposing a non-relative but apparently meaningful analysis thereof, I attempt to defend it against such criticism. In particular, I argue that ‘whatever it is better to be than not to be’ can be plau
Background: We have previously demonstrated that elevated concentrations of tumour-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) in both tumour tissue (t-TATI) and in serum (s-TATI) are associated with a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. It was also found that s-TATI concentrations were lower in patients with rectal cancer compared to patients with colon cancer. In this study, we investigated th
Popular Abstract in English A central requirement in the design of bridge, or any structure, is that they are safe and do not fail unexpectedly. To ensure that such occurrences are acceptably rare involves predicting the various ways in which the bridge can fail and ensuring that provisions are made to prevent or control these potential failure. In other words, the risks associated with failure shEngineering design, in concise terms, is what engineers do using what they know. It is the underlying decision making activity that determines what is to be built and how it should be built. An ever present requirement in engineering design is that the structure should be safe. While historical approaches to safety in design relied on experience and engineering judgment, modern approaches have rat
