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The aim of this study was to investigate various putative risk factors in a county in Sweden, described as having a 28% increased prevalence of cardiovascular malformations, and to compare them with the risk factors in two reference counties. Women giving birth in the studied counties differed in age and parity distribution, smoking, and educational level but these differences could not explain th

Total and 0.2 M HCl-soluble concentrations of 44 mineral elements were studied in four profiles (0-110 cm) of a Haplic Podzol, developed from a 13,000-14,000-year-old quartzite-gneiss moraine deposit in south Sweden. Depending on element and soil fraction of the element considered, concentration maxima occurred in different horizons in the soil. The E horizon was impoverished in HCl-soluble fracti

A (polysaccharide-rich) waste stream derived from a combined starch and ethanol factory was investigated regarding hydrolysis of the nonstarch carbohydrates for ethanol production. The material was characterized and processed to yield the maximum amount of sugars. The starch fraction was hydrolyzed with amylolytic enzymes, and the resulting fibrous material was separated by filtration. This materi

A pairwise comparison of the nucleic acid sequence of 168 bases from 152 wild-type or unique cell culture-adapted strains of hepatitis A virus (HAV) revealed that HAV strains can be differentiated genetically into seven unique genotypes (I to VII). In general, the nucleotide sequence of viruses in different genotypes differs at 15 to 25% of positions within this segment of the genome. Viruses from

Fluorescence molecular tomography suffers from being mathematically ill-conditioned resulting in non-unique solutions to the reconstruction problem. In an attempt to reduce the number of possible solutions in the underdetermined system of equations in the reconstruction, we present a method to retrieve a spatially varying regularization map outlining the feasible inclusion position. This approach

SelB is an elongation factor needed for the co-translational incorporation of selenocysteine. Selenocysteine is coded by a UGA stop codon in combination with a specific downstream mRNA hairpin. In bacteria, the C-terminal part of SelB recognizes this hairpin, while the N-terminal part binds GTP and tRNA in analogy with elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu). We present the crystal structure of a C-terminal

In the natural photosynthetic reaction center photosystem II, absorption of a photon leads to photooxidation of the primary electron donor P-680, which subsequently retrieves electrons from a tyrosyl residue, functioning as an interface to the oxygen-evolving manganese complex. In a first step toward mimicking these reactions, we have made a Ru(II)-polypyridine complex with an attached tyrosyl moi

The aim of this study is to investigate the degree of job satisfaction, burnout and strain among nurses (n=134) working in three care units for demented people in southern Sweden. Three questionnaires were used: the Maslach burnout inventory (MBI), the work-related strain inventory (WRSI), and a recently developed measure for assessing job satisfaction. Based on principal component analysis, an ei

The evolution of the Solar neighbourhood is followed using a unique,magnitude complete and kinematically unbiased sample of 14,000 F, G, andK dwarfs. Metallicity, age, space motion and galactic orbits have beendetermined for all stars. The result is a detailed view of the complexevolution of the local Milky Way, which must be matched by any model forthe chemical and dynamical evolution of the Gala

Patient associations for cancer patients (PACPs) are increasing in number as well as in the number of members. We utilised a questionnaire to investigate how members of 13 PACPs motivated their memberships. The study included 1,810 individuals who had been treated for breast cancer, gynaecological cancer, or prostate cancer. Through questionnaires these individuals were asked to articulate why the

Extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements have been used to characterize, at the atomic level, the thermally induced structural relaxation of InAs amorphized by ion implantation. Our results are consistent with a relaxation mechanism mediated by point-defect annihilation with concomitant reduction in both chemical and structural disorder. Though relaxation yields a decrease in chemical

We have applied cell-attached capacitance measurements to investigate whether synaptic-like microvesicles (SLMVs) undergo regulated exocytosis in insulinoma and primary pancreatic beta-cells. SLMV and large dense-core vesicle (LDCV) exocytosis was increased 1.6- and 2.4-fold upon stimulation with 10 mmol/l glucose in INS-1 cells. Exocytosis of both types of vesicles was coupled to Ca(2+) entry thr

A study of the ambitions of the managers at AB Robertsfors Bruk and their impact on courses of action in the development of wage policy and social arrangements in the community of Robertsfors during the period 1925-35.This study deals with employer actions during a period of both internal and external change to the organization. The main focus is in the areas of wage policy and social arrangements