OBJECTIVE β-Cell autoantibodies are a feature of the preclinical phase of type 1 diabetes. Here, we asked how frequently they revert in a cohort of children at risk for type 1 diabetes and whether reversion has any effect on type 1 diabetes risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Children were up to 10 years of age and screened more than once for insulin autoantibody, GAD antibody, and insulinoma antige

Driven by increased expectations on the use of knowledge to benefit sustainable social development and growth, the government’s research and innovation bill in 2012 highlighted the need to develop new incentives and structures to foster universities’ interaction with surrounding society. Following this, the government assigned Vinnova the task of developing methods and criteria for assessing the p

Catharina Stenqvist, former professor in philosophy of religion at Lund University, alludes that there are similarities between death and contemplation. In this article I suggest three possible such similarities, what they may consist in, how they may be given grounds, and examples of how further research may be carried out. The three suggested points of similarity are 1) experiential similarities

The summer precipitation from June to September in the source region of the Yellow River accounts for about 70% of the annual total, and its decrease would cause further water shortage problems. Consequently, the objectives of this study are to improve the understanding of the linkages between the precipitation in the source region of the Yellow River and global teleconnection patterns, and to pre

Disentangling the factors shaping species distributions remains a central goal in biogeography, ecology and evolutionary biology. The extrinsic pressures that may facilitate range shifts, such as climatic factors or biotic interactions are well known. However, in contrast, the possible intrinsic factors are manifold and hard to generalize across taxa. Recently, several theoretical studies have inv

There is a large consensus that higher education institutions exert notable effects on their regional environment. So far, however, much of the related evidence is based on case studies. Few findings are available on a more generalizable level. To bridge this gap, our study uses spatial panel-data models to identify the impacts of higher education institution (HEI) activities on GDP per capita and

We show that the family of Esscher-transformed Laplace distributions is a subclass of asymmetric Laplace laws.

Introduction: The extent to which postprandial glucagon reductions contribute to lowering of postprandial glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently unknown. The aim of this analysis was to determine whether a reduction in postprandial glucagon following treatment with the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide correlates with a reduction in postprandial g

A central question in evolutionary biology is how coevolutionary history between predator and prey influences their interactions. Contemporary global change and range expansion of exotic organisms impose a great challenge for prey species, which are increasingly exposed to invading non-native predators, with which they share no evolutionary history. Here, we complete a comprehensive survey of empi

Presence of a root neighbor can induce changes in root allocation and pollen traits, but only a limited number of studies have investigated such effects on pollen. To learn more about effects of root contact on pollen competitive ability, we studied plants of the hermaphroditic winter-annual Collinsia heterophylla, native to California. We cultivated plants in two-pot treatments with roots kept ei

Introduction: Although biomarkers are useful diagnostic tools to assess joint damage in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, few data exist for biomarkers of haemophilic arthropathy. Aim: To evaluate the association between biomarkers and compatible additive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scores in patients with severe haemophilia A. Methods: Patients aged 12–35 years with no history of fact

Differences in visual capabilities are known to reflect differences in foraging behaviour even among closely related species. Among birds, the foraging of diurnal raptors is assumed to be guided mainly by vision but their foraging tactics include both scavenging upon immobile prey and the aerial pursuit of highly mobile prey. We studied how visual capabilities differ between two diurnal raptor spe

This thesis makes a contribution to systemic risk literature in the European banking system. The intimate interdependence between the European banking industries and the fragile GIIPS debt market has jeopardized the banking sector in Europe. The threats of unfavourable financial conditions in European bank- ing sufficiently highlight the importance of the dissertation’s distinct focus on systemic

Diarrheal diseases (DD) are leading causes of disease burden, death, and disability, especially in children in low-income settings. DD can also impact a child's potential livelihood through stunted physical growth, cognitive impairment, and other sequelae. As part of the Global Burden of Disease Study, we estimated DD burden, and the burden attributable to specific risk factors and particular etio

Looking at the Swedish public sector from a Scandinavian perspective, this chapter argues for a challenged but resilient (although not uniform) Scandi- navian public sector. Sweden is a nation with a long tradition of decentral- ized decision-making, semi-autonomous government agencies and independent local governments. This is considered a receptive context for continuous and incremental moderniz

A novel liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) procedure was investigated for preparation of peptide and protein samples for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS). LLE using ethyl acetate as the water-immiscible organic solvent enabled segregation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic polypeptides in mixtures, thereby reducing the complexity of mass spectra obtained by MALDI MS

Some local government organisations stand out in terms of their capability to adopt and use management accounting innovations and become a model for those struggling with issues such as performance measurement. But what happens to the innovations if the organisation is forced into transformational change? This longitudinal case study is based on the theory that the use and impact of performance me

PURPOSE: Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are exposed to injury in a variety of optic nerve diseases including glaucoma. However, not all cells respond in the same way to damage and the capacity of individual RGCs to survive or regenerate is variable. In order to elucidate factors that may be important for RGC survival and regeneration we have focussed on the extracellular matrix (ECM) and RGC integr