Purpose: The mammalian target of rapamycin is an enzyme that regulates cell metabolism and proliferation. It is up-regulated in aggressive tumors, such as glioblastoma, leading to increased glucose uptake and consumption. It has been suggested that glucose CEST signals reflect the delivery and tumor uptake of glucose. The inhibitor rapamycin (sirolimus) has been applied as a glucose deprivation tr

In vast areas of the ocean, the scarcity of iron controls the growth and productivity of phytoplankton. Although most dissolved iron in the marine environment is complexed with organic molecules, picomolar amounts of labile inorganic iron species (labile iron) are maintained within the euphotic zone and serve as an important source of iron for eukaryotic phytoplankton and particularly for diatoms.

It has been hypothesized that highly productive coastal ecosystems, such as seagrass meadows, could lead to the establishment of ocean acidification (OA) refugia, or areas of elevated pH and aragonite saturation state (Ωa) compared to source seawater. However, seagrass ecosystems experience extreme variability in carbonate chemistry across short temporal and small spatial scales, which could impac

There is a growing recognition for the need to understand how seawater carbonate chemistry over coral reef environments will change in a high-CO2 world to better assess the impacts of ocean acidification on these valuable ecosystems. Coral reefs modify overlying water column chemistry through biogeochemical processes such as net community organic carbon production (NCP) and calcification (NCC). Ho

MXCuBE2 is the second-generation evolution of the MXCuBE beamline control software, initially developed and used at ESRF – the European Synchrotron. MXCuBE2 extends, in an intuitive graphical user interface (GUI), the functionalities and data collection methods available to users while keeping all previously available features and allowing for the straightforward incorporation of ongoing and futur

This paper examines usage, function and meaning of the Swedish concept of ”otrygghet” (approx.: unsafety or insecurity) in political documents from two periods: 1970s and 2010s. Departing from a theoretical framework inspired by conceptual historian Reinhart Koselleck, this paper synchronically compares documents from Sweden’s two largest parties (Socialdemokraterna and Moderaterna), and diachroni

The brilliance and the sufferings of the literary critique in its first instance cannot be separated from the brilliance and suffering of the critic who firstly assesses the work. The question is whether the literary reviewer has become responsible only with public relations and the promotion of the book; more of a blurb generator - which means simple incandescent signaling - than analyzer.

In this article, we propose that three types of focus constructions in Japanese-clefts, in-situ focus, and sluicing/stripping-share the same underlying structure and are derived by syntactic "metamorphosis" from one structure to another. After revealing similarities between cleft constructions and in-situ focus constructions, we specifically propose that the latter underlies the former, which is d

This paper revisits empirical and theoretical problems of focus prosody in Japanese, and proposes a new analysis. Contrary to the widely accepted assumption that focus directly or indirectly modifies prosodic phrasing, various studies have shown that prosodic boundaries remain unchanged when a focus is added to a sentence. It is proposed that phonetic effects of focus (F0-rise on the focused word,

Caroline Féry and Shinichiro Ishihara proposes a model of how syntax and information structure (focus and givenness) shape prosody where prosodic phrasing and tonal effects are kept apart. It is argued that the prosodic effects of syntactic structure and those of information structure should be kept apart. It is shown that in German and Japanese, syntactic structure primarily influences prosodic p

This paper investigates the question of whether and how Second Occurrence Focus (SOF) is realized phonetically in German. The apparent lack of phonetic marking on SOF has raised much discussion on the semantic theory of focus (Partee 1999, Rooth 1992). Some researchers have reported the existence of phonetic marking of SOF in the postnuclear area (Rooth 1996, Beaver et al. 2007). In our experiment

The article discusses interactions between syntactic derivation, semantic scopal relations, and prosodic phrasing in Japanese. I claim that the Major Phrase (MaP) is a result of the mapping of Multiple Spell-Out (MSO) domains onto prosody. I also claim that a Focus Intonation (FI), a prosodic domain triggered by focus, is created independently of MaP phrasing, contrary to previously proposed analy

Two major, extended diversifications punctuated the evolution of marine life during the Early Palaeozoic. The interregnum, however, between the Cambrian Explosion and the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, is exemplified by the Furongian Gap when there was a marked drop in biodiversity. It is unclear whether the gap is apparent, due to sampling failure or lack of rock, or real — associated

Permafrost peatlands are biogeochemical hot spots in the Arctic as they store vast amounts of carbon. Permafrost thaw could release part of these long-term immobile carbon stocks as the greenhouse gases (GHGs) carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) to the atmosphere, but how much, at which time-span and as which gaseous carbon species is still highly uncertain. Here we assess the effect of

Aim: To explore the perceived threat of the risk of graft rejection and its relationship to psychological general well-being and self-efficacy 1–5 years after lung transplantation. Design: A nationwide, cross-sectional cohort study as a part of the Self-management after thoracic transplantation study. Methods: A total of 117 lung transplant recipients due for their yearly follow-up one (N = 35), t

Bile acids (BAs) are known to be involved in cholesterol metabolism but interactions between the diet, BA profiles, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism have not been extensively explored. In the present study, primary and secondary BAs including their glycine and taurine-conjugated forms were quantified in serum of Apoe−/− mice by protein precipitation followed by reversed phase ultra-high-perform