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The potential of mean force (PMF) acting between two simple ions surrounded by SPC/E water have been determined by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using a spherical cavity approach. Such effective ion-ion potentials were obtained for Me-Me, Me-Cl-, and Cl--Cl- pairs, where Me is a Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ cation. The ionic sizes estimated from the effective potentials are not p

Objective: There is increasing evidence for a significant effect of processed meat (PM) intake on cancer risk. However, refined knowledge on how components of this heterogeneous food group are associated with cancer risk is still missing. Here, actual data on the intake of PM subcategories is given; within a food-based approach we considered preservation methods, cooking methods and nutrient conte

Background: Working memory is considered to influence a range of linguistic skills, i.e. vocabulary acquisition, sentence comprehension and reading. Several studies have pointed to limitations of working memory in children with specific language impairment. Few studies, however, have explored the role of working memory for language deficits in children with hearing impairment. Aims: The first aim

A multicentric phase 2 study was conducted to determine the efficiency and the tolerance of imatinib mesylate in children with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in advanced phase of the disease, in relapse after stem cell transplantation, or in case of failure to an interferon a-based regimen. In all, 30 children from eight European countries were enrolled. In 18 children assessable for hematolog

In order to avoid environmental threats, organisms may respond by altering behavior or phenotype. Using experiments performed in high-latitude Siberia and in temperate Sweden, we show for the first time that, among freshwater crustacean zooplankton, the defense against threats from ultraviolet radiation (UV) is a system where phenotypic plasticity and behavioral escape mechanisms function as compl

In 1988, it was reported that the full nucleotide sequences of 18 hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains clustered into four genetic groups (A to D) with more than 8% divergence between the groups. This classification of strains in terms of genome sequence has since proven to be an important tool in the understanding of HBV epidemiology and evolution and has been expanded to include three more genotypes.

The Hieracium flora in an area of 1250 km(2) centred around the town of Nassjo, S Sweden, was investigated in 1924-30 and again in 2004. In all, 101 species of the sections Hieracium and Vulgaria were found, 89 in the 1920s and 85 in 2004, i.e. approximately the same number. However, the number of species per 5 by 5-km area has been strongly reduced, and the decline is even more pronounced for 1 b

We provide a construction technique for multiple-output resilient functions F: F-2(n) --> F-2(m) with high nonlinearity. The construction leads to the problem of finding a set of linear codes with a fixed minimum distance, having the property that the intersection between any two codes is the all-zero codeword only. This problem is considered, and existence results are provided. Moreover, the cons

Popular Abstract in Swedish Kostnaden för grund- och gymnasieskolan i Sverige motsvarar idag ca 4,5% av BNP. Med tanke på investeringens storlek är det viktigt att dessa resurser används effektivt. I avhandlingen studeras effektivitet inom den kommunala skolan på tre nivåer: Kommunal nivå, skolnivå och individuell nivå. Effektiviteten skattas i linjärprogrammeringsmodeller, genom så kallad Data EnSweden spends altogether about 4.5% of GDP on primary, secondary and upper secondary school. Considering the magnitude of this investment it is important that these resources are used efficiently. In this thesis efficiency in public education is analysed on three different levels: The municipal level, the school level, and the individual level. Efficiency is estimated using a linear programming te

The Russian modernisation as a conscious policy started with Peter I. It was resumed time after time by a succession of Russian rulers, from Catherine II to Mikhail Gorbachev. The article places this story in the context of historical culture and narration. The paper is not about any history as such. It is a suggestion how to make sense of one dimension of Russia’s history: the St. Petersburg stor

Rättsläget när det gäller att få en godkänd arbetsskada efter utmattningssyndrom är synnerligen oklart, och det är snarare regel än undantag att dessa ärenden avslås. Vi beskriver hur ett sådant ärende bedömts av Försäkringskassan och Länsrätten. Ärendet gick inte vidare till Kammarrätten, eftersom försäkringskassan godtog Länsrättens dom. Därmed är inte domen vägledande rent juridiskt, men utslag

The induction of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) by ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280-315 nm) and repair mechanisms were studied in the lichen Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis exposed to different temperatures and water status conditions. In addition, the development and repair of CPDs were studied in relation to the different developmental stages of the lichen thallus podetial branches. Air-dr

Abstract in UndeterminedUnless the basic user needs are satisfied in safety helmets, it is difficult to get workers to wear them habitually and for long periods. Hotness, weight and fitting problems are major wearability issues that require improvements. The enormous need for an optimally designed helmet in China prompted a case study on comfort aspects in helmets. The subjective impressions of th

Aims: A study was undertaken to assess the impact of social participation, trust and the miniaturization of community, i.e. high social participation/low trust, on two measures of patient dissatisfaction in primary healthcare. Methods: The Scania 2000 public-health survey is a cross-sectional, postal questionnaire study. A total of 3,456 persons aged 18-80 years who had a regular doctor within the