We analyzed 3,872 common genetic variants across the ESR1 locus (encoding estrogen receptor α) in 118,816 subjects from three international consortia. We found evidence for at least five independent causal variants, each associated with different phenotype sets, including estrogen receptor (ER(+) or ER(-)) and human ERBB2 (HER2(+) or HER2(-)) tumor subtypes, mammographic density and tumor grade. T

hen working with a neural network, it is advantageous to let it extract as much information as possible from the environment. We also want the network to perform better at this task. One way of achieving this is to make the perceptions of the network dependent on its current knowledge. This means that the network should be able to find structures in structures or to make categories of categories.

I projektet Kroppen som vara: organhandel och organtrafficking har jag mött de skuggområden där människors kroppar utgör handelsvarorna. Där t.ex. ”svarta” njurar från fattiga köps eller stjäls för att i form av ”vita” organ transplanteras till sjuka men välbeställda människor. Den krigshärjade situation som sedan länge har rått i t.ex. Pakistan, är bara ett av flera exempel på hur krig skapar rub

Real-time imaging of gas leaks was demonstrated using an IR camera employing outdoor thermal background radiation. Ammonia, ethylene and methane detection was demonstrated in the spectral region 7-13 mu m. Imaging was accomplished using an optical filter and a gas-correlation cell matching the absorption band of the gas. When two gases, such as ammonia and ethylene, are absorbing in the same wavel

Salient aspects of the anatomy and function of the blood-barrier barrier (BBB) are reviewed in relation to migraine pathophysiology and treatment. The main function of the BBB is to limit the access of circulating substances to the neuropile. Smaller lipophilic substances have some access to the central nervous system by diffusion, whereas other substances can cross the BBB by carrier-mediated inf

An intensified multi-colour digital imaging system allowing simultaneous monitoring of light from an object in four wavelength bands was used for flame emission studies. The spatial distribution of the molecular emission from different flame radicals, such as OH, C2, CH, and CN was recorded, also in the presence of a heavy background due to Planck-radiating soot particles. Exposure times down to 8

A power-series expansion method for rigorous analysis of the guided modes in a cylindrical, radially inhomogeneous, dielectric waveguide is presented. The method is developed for an arbitrary piece-wise polynomial permittivity profile. The field solutions of the inhomogeneous core are constructed by a sequence of power-series expansions. Convergence is ensured and accuracy maintained by regulating

Embedded computer systems are subject to a multitude of requirements. These include real-time requirements, that is, such computers must respond to external events within limited time. Many systems, such as satellites and telephone switches, must also operate unattended for long periods of time. They must not fail due to defective software. Modern object-oriented programming languages, particular

During the 16th century, and thus late in a european perspective, the Scandinavian language usage went from normally giving dates according to the church year calendar (each day having a name of its own, mostly referring to a saint) to normally giving them according to our modern calendar (numbering the days within each named month). The present investigation shows how this transition more exactly

A microphone system, comprising two differentially-operated MEMS microphones and a CMOS differential amplifier mounted on a common die substrate, has a very small volume of 2.6x3.2x0.865mm3, showing a record-high SNR of 66dB over the 20Hz-20kHz audio band. The system sensitivity is -33.5dB (Vrms/Pa), PSRR is above 55dB, and THD is below 1% for sound pressure levels below 112dB. The current consump

Objective. To determine the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance after gestational diabetes mellitus in relation to different categories of glucose tolerance during pregnancy. Design. Prospective study. Setting. Four delivery departments and three hospitals in southern Sweden took part in recruitment and follow-up. Population. Women undergoing a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test du