Under which circumstances can the European Convention on Human Rights be applied to human rights violations perpetrated abroad by European military forces or other State agents? This question is highly relevant having in mind the European military presence in for example Iraq and Afghanistan. In contrast to the four Geneva Convention, applicable in armed conflict, the European Convention has a jur

This thesis concerns the problems that surround the implementation and enforcement of international humanitarian law in non-international armed conflicts. The provisions applicable to such conflicts are common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions together with Additional Protocol II to the Geneva Conventions. The main obstacles surrounding the implementation of these provisions are of various natur

This thesis deals with irregular labour migration and human rights and analysis this issue in the case of Tajik irregular migrant workers in Russian Federation. The focus is on the examination of the human rights protection offered to regular and irregular migrant workers at international, national and regional levels. The case of Tajik irregular migrant workers in Russia is examined in order to r

Sri Lanka is a small island in the Indian Ocean with a population of 19.5 million. UN (2005), &lt&semichttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/country_profiles/1168427.stm&gt&semic, visited on 13th December 2005. History witnesseth of the Yakka &amp&semic Naga tribes ('Gothras') and the Nittevo The Nittevo are said to have been a dwarfish race of men who lived in the

We study a generalization of the evolution model proposed by Guiol, Machado and Schinazi [4]. In our model, at each moment of time a random number of species is either born or removed from the system; the species to be removed are those with the lower fitnesses, fitnesses being some numbers in [0, 1]. We show that under appropriate conditions, a set of species approaches (in some sense) a sample f

Objective: To examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and osteoarthritis (OA) leading to total hip (THR) or knee (TKR) joint replacement. Methods: Case-control study design. All patients still living in Iceland who had had a THR or TKR resulting from OA before the end of 2002 were invited to participate. First-degree relatives of participating patients served as controls. A total of

The aim of our work was to calculate basic mathematical characteristics of payment functional, such as mathematical expectation, variation and expected risk in discrete and continuous market models. In our paper we present a model of financial market in which the entire time interval in the continuous model is divided into steps with exponential distribution, and in the discrete model into steps o

Effects of linear amphiphilicity on membrane interactions of antimicrobial peptides were investigated by ellipsometry, dual polarization interferometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, light scattering, and circular dichroism. In doing so, the thrombin-derived GKY25 (GKYGFYTHVFRLKKWIQKVIDQFGE) was compared to WFF25 (WFFFYYLIIGGGVVTHQQRKKKKDE) of identical composition, but with amino acids sorted accord

This contribution evaluates the feasibility and potential of a statistical determination of the neutron energy for thermal and cold neutrons in the new generation of neutron detectors. For the European Spallation Source (ESS), sited in Lund, Sweden, which is planned to be operational in 2019, and the world's leading source for the study of materials with neutrons by 2025, novel neutron detectors r

We consider weighted sequence spaces on N with increasing weights. Given a fixed integer k and a Hankel operator Gamma on such a space, we show that the kth singular vector generates an analytic function with precisely k zeroes in the unit disc, in analogy with the classical AAK-theory of Hardy spaces. We also provide information on the structure of the singular spectrum for Hankel operators, appl

Background: This population-based study investigated the different forms, magnitude and risk factors of men's violence against women in intimate relationships in a rural part of northern Vietnam and whether a difference in risk factors were at hand for the different forms of violence. Vietnam has undergone a rapid transition in the last 20 years, moving towards a more equal situation for men and w