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The direct scattering problem for an inhomogeneous lossy medium is examined for the one-dimensional case in which the phase velocity profile is discontinuous at the boundaries of the medium. Scattering operators (or impulse responses) and propagation operators are defined and equations that govern their behavior are developed. Knowledge of the scattering kernels for one round trip in the medium im

At a time when natural petroleum resources are on the verge of depletion, and concern about climate change is increasing, the potential of lignocellulosic material for the production of bioethanol is well recognized. Ethanol can be produced from biomass through enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. However, to achieve high yields and high ethanol concentration, pretreatment of the cellulosic biom

The effect of various antipsychotics during pregnancy has repeatedly been studied, but for most atypical antipsychotics, only little information is available. We identified from the Swedish Medical Birth Register 2908 women who had reported the use of any antipsychotic or lithium in early pregnancy and studied malformation rates with data also from the Register of Congenital Malformations and the

Soft-input/soft-output symbol decoding plays a significant role in iterative decoding. We propose a simple optimal soft-input/soft-output symbol decoding algorithm for linear block codes which requires one forward recursion using a trellis. For many codes the decoding complexity is lower than previous methods, such as the algorithm by Bahl et al. (1974), and the decrease is shown at its most when

Att utgå från att fattigdomen kan minska om tiggeri förbjuds är ett logiskt felslut. Det enda sakliga argumentet för ett förbud i Cecilia Magnussons debattartikel den 13/8 är att det skulle råda bot på det obehag det innebär för allmänheten att se armodet. Det vore ärligare att ange detta som skäl, skriver etikdoktoranden Jerker Karlsson.

Abstract not available.

Tvarsnittsfunderingar utifran 3 utredningar: aldreomsorg i utveckling (SOU 1987:21) Hjalpmedelsverksamhetens utveckling (SOU 1989:39) Ansvaret för aldreomsorgen (DS1989:27)

Popular Abstract in Swedish Partiklar som finns i luften och som vi andas in kan leda till negativa hälsoeffekter bland oss människor. I varje andetag andas vi in tusentals partiklar som tar sig ner i våra luftvägar. Det är normalt. Våra kroppar har försvarsmekanismer som tar hand om och oskadliggör partiklar som vi andas in och som fastnar i våra andningsvägar. Vid för höga halter av partiklar i BACKGROUND: Exposure to airborne particles in occupational environments can lead to both acute and long-term health effects in humans. To date, particle exposure limits in the air are typically given in terms of mass concentrations. But by only using mass concentration to characterize particles means there is a risk that other relevant characteristics, such as particle size and composition are con

A method for preparation of thylakoids from plant leaves on a large scale is described. The method involves: 1) disruption of the cells with a blender followed by filtration to remove large cell debris and non disrupted cells. 2) precipitation of the thylakoids by adjusting the pH to the isoelectric point, pH 4.7. 3) a washing step by dilution of the precipitate in water followed by precipitation

Multiple sequence alignment is the foundation of many important applications in bioinformatics that aim at detecting functionally important regions, predicting protein structures, building phylogenetic trees etc. Although the automatic construction of a multiple sequence alignment for a set of remotely related sequences cause a very challenging and error-prone task, many downstream analyses still