A phase-field based topology optimization approach is considered for the maximum stiffness or minimum compliance problem. The objective functional to be minimized consists in addition to the compliance a cost for gray solutions and a cost for interfaces between void and full material. Since the interfaces between void and full material are penalized via a volume integral in the original phase-fiel

The exchange of persistent organic pollutants (POPS) between different compartments of a typical mature boreal forest was investigated. The study focused on fluxes of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) between the atmosphere, vegetation and soil, and within the soil to assess whether this type of forest acts as a final sink-or temporary repository for POPs. The study, at a Swedish site, suggested to

Screening mammography plays a key role in the early detection of breast cancer, however, estimates of sensitivities (48-88%) and specificities (82-98%) suggest that the diagnostic accuracy can be improved (1, 2, 3). Breast tomosynthesis (BT) is a 3D technique that is expected to improve breast cancer detection compared to screen-film and digital mammography DM). This work presents two clinical obs

Väl fungerande bytespunkter är viktiga för kollektivtrafikens konkurrenskraft. Själva bytet, som är en del av varje resa, kan upplevas som en stor del av reskedjan, varför det är viktigt att bytestiden minimeras men även att bytespunkten erbjuder så hög komfort- och servicenivå som möjligt. Grunden för projektet är konstaterandet att våra kunskaper är bristfälliga när det gäller hur viktig bytespu

Popular Abstract in Swedish Det övergripande syftet med denna avhandling är att visa hur elever i sina bilder berättar om hur det är att vara elev i skolan idag, och att visa reflektioner och samtal som bilderna ger upphov till hos lärare och lärarstudenter. En utgångspunkt har varit att bilder bär på kunskap, mening och betydelse som inte alltid kommer fram i det talade och skrivna språket. AvhanThe overall aim of this thesis is to examine how pupils in their pictures depict what it means to be a pupil in school today, and to explore the reflections and discussions that the images give rise to among teachers and student teachers. A starting point is the assumption that images are carriers of aspects of knowledge, meaning and sense that cannot always be presented through spoken or written

Sustainability, resilience and safety are features of a society that are more affected by sound environments than is generally acknowledged, even if other environmental threats may appear more prominent. But when noise levels reach the limits of sustainability in society, it´s resilience to destructive processes of many kinds will be challenged. In an interdisciplinary symposium in 2014 arranged b

Several deep Greenland ice cores have been retrieved, however, capturing the Eemian period has been problematic due to stratigraphic disturbances in the ice. The new Greenland deep ice core from the NEEM site (77.45°N, 51.06°W, 2450 m.a.s.l) recovered a relatively complete Eemian record. Here we discuss the cosmogenic (10)Be isotope record from this core. The results show Eemian average (10)Be con

The study implements the Schumpeterian notion of creative reaction to articulate and test the hypothesis that the shift to the knowledge economy in advanced economies is the result of the creative reaction of firms, caught in out-of-equilibrium conditions by the fast globalization of product and factor markets since the last decade of the 20th century. Advanced countries specialized in the generat

Although the complement system, a pivotal component of innate immunty, is centrally involved in host defense against pathogens, its overactivation or deregulation may excessively amplify inflammation and contribute to immunopathology. Periodontitis, an oral infection-driven chronic inflammatory disease, has been linked with complement disruption by periodontal bacteria, resulting in inflammation a

The structure of charge-stabilized colloidal dispersions has been studied through a one-component model using a Yukawa potential with density-dependent parameters examined with integral equation theory and Monte Carlo simulations. Partial thermodynamic consistency was guaranteed by considering the osmotic pressure of the dispersion from the approximate mean-field renormalized jellium and Poisson-B

In this paper we discuss the simplicity criteria of (-1, -1)-Freudenthal Kantor triple systems and give examples of such triple systems, from which we can construct some Lie superalgebras. We also show that we can associate a Jordan triple system to any (epsilon, delta)-Freudenthal Kantor triple system. Further, we introduce the notion of delta-structurable algebras and connect them to (-1, delta)

One of the biggest obstacles to economic profitability of solar water heating systems is the investment cost. Retrofitting existing domestic hot water heaters when a new solar hot water system is installed can reduce both the installation and material costs. In this study, retrofitting existing water heaters for solar water heating systems in Swedish single-family houses was theoretically investig

Background: Cancer of unknown primary site (CUP) is considered an aggressive metastatic disease but whether the prognosis differs from metastatic cancers of known primary site is not known. Such data may give insight into the biology of CUP and the metastatic process in general. Methods: 6,745 cancer patients, with primary metastatic cancer at diagnosis, were identified from the Swedish Cancer Reg

In this Letter, comprehensive results on pi(+/-), K-+/-, K-S(0), p((p) over bar) and A((A) over bar) production at mid-rapidity (0 < y(CMS) < 0.5) in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV, measured by the ALICE detector at the LHC, are reported. The transverse momentum distributions exhibit a hardening as a function of event multiplicity, which is stronger for heavier particles. This behavior i

Reduced membranous expression of the cytoskeleton-associated protein ezrin has previously been demonstrated to correlate with poor prognosis in urothelial bladder cancer in several independent studies. The present study provides a first description of clinicopathological characteristics of incident urothelial cancers, not only located to the bladder, in the prospective, population-based cohort stu

Jean-Luc Diehl The French Intensive Care Society organized on 5th and 6th June 2014 its 4th "Paris International Conference in Intensive Care", whose principle is to bring together the best international experts on a hot topic in critical care medicine. The 2014 theme was "Breakthrough in cardiac arrest", with many high-quality updates on epidemiology, public health data, pre-hospital and in-ICU c

Objectives To investigate changes in human placental oxygenation during maternal hyperoxia using non-invasive blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods Eight healthy pregnant women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies at gestational weeks 28-36 were examined with BOLD MRI, over two consecutive 5-min periods of different oxygenation: first normoxia (21% O-2)