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It is essential for the pulp and paper industry to utilize as much of the forest raw material as possible to achieve the sustainability goals and to increase the profit. The fibres that are liberated during the kraft pulping process are used for pulp production, while the rest of the components from the wood are mainly incinerated. Lignin is one major byproduct from the kraft pulping process. It h
This chapter discusses some aspects of various separation technologies applied in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic materials. Bioethanol can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass using several different process configurations. The main energy-demanding process steps in lignocellulosic ethanol production are distillation to concentrate the ethanol, adsorption to remove the final conten
The most complete and realistic physiological data are derived from direct measurements during human experiments; however, they present some limitations such as ethical concerns, time and cost burden. Thermophysiological models are able to predict human thermal response in a wide range of environmental conditions, but their use is limited due to lack of validation. The aim of this work was to vali
The literature on economic geography suffers from a lack of attention to the emergence of new industries. Recent literature on "regional branching" proposes that new industries emerge in regions where preexisting economic activities are technologically related to the emerging industry. This article provides a more grounded basis for the emerging literature on regional branching by confronting the
Copper (Cu) is considered to be an indispensable microelement for plants. Excessive Cu, however, is toxic and disturbs severalprocesses in the plant. The present study addressed the effects of ionic Cu (2.0 mMand 8.0mM) on mitosis, the microtubule cytoskeleton,and DNA in root tip cells of Allium cepa var. agrogarum L. to better understand Cu toxicity on plant root systems. The results indicated th
Objectives To establish an in-house virtual protein database that can be employed in proteomic research on non-model plants. Results A total of 87,430 unigenes were obtained through transcriptome sequencing from onion roots. Of these, 24,305 unigenes were annotated and their nucleotide sequences of coding regions were translated into amino acid sequences. The corresponding 24,305 amino acid sequen
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic vector-borne disease in the Middle East and a worldwide public health problem. The spread of CL is highly associated with the socio-ecological interactions of vectors, hosts and the environment. The heterogeneity of these interactions has hindered CL modeling for healthcare preventive measures in endemic areas. In this study, an agent-based model (ABM) is
The measurements conducted in tomography and seismology typically yield large multidimensional data sets. This in combination with the fact that the data may have an irregular structure makes it computationally prohibitive to use simple reconstruction methods directly. Hence, for inverse problems in computed tomography and seismology there is a demand for fast computational methods using high-perf
The Radon transform and its adjoint, the back-projection operator, can both be expressed as convolutions in log-polar coordinates. Hence, fast algorithms for the application of these operators can be constructed by using FFT, if data is resampled at log-polar coordinates. Radon data is typically measured on an equally spaced grid in polar coordinates, and reconstructions are represented (as images
Objectives Whether the increased risk of comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can be reverted by particular antirheumatic therapies, or response to these, is unclear but of critical clinical importance. We wanted to investigate whether response to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) translates into a reduced risk for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Method
Peak bone mass is normally reached in the third decade of life. Previously, in the population-based PEAK-25 cohort (n = 1061, age 25.5 ± 0.2), we demonstrated that bone mineral density in the population-based PEAK-25 cohort is comparatively high; therefore, this study aimed to determine if the calcaneus microarchitecture mirrored this. In the process, we describe normative quantitative ultrasound
Recension av Klas Åmark, Förövarna bestämmer villkoren – Raoul Wallenberg och de internationella hjälpaktionerna i Budapest
The present contribution presents event-related potential (ERP) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) findings related to the processing of Swedish word accents. These results are then discussed and further analysed in the context of models of word activations and phonological neighbourhoods. It has previously been seen that word accents (either a low tone (accent 1) or a high tone (acc
This paper reviews the growing literature on “state capacity” in political science and related disciplines and proposes a new conceptualization of state capacity. The paper argues that most existing definitions and theories of state capacity are too closely tailored to explaining a particular set of outcomes – such as economic growth – which limits the applicability of the concept of state capacit
