Skogsbränder - en biologisk gåva eller ett ekonomiskt nederlag? I samband med ett allt varmare klimat, inte minst på de nordliga delarna av jordklotet, ökar även antalet stora skogsbränder i våra svenska skogar. Detta är förödande, inte minst för de skogstokiga svenska folket, utan också för de många skogsägarna och den svenska ekonomin i helhet. På många sätt kan däremot skogsbränderna också sesWith an increasing global temperature, at rates twice as fast as the global average in the northern boreal forests, an increasing wildfire frequency is to be expected. Previous studies have shown that forest areas in Eurasia with high risk of wildfires today are expected to more than double in size in the following 30 years. This will have a great impact on the fire regime, biodiversity, economic

Sepsis is a life threatening condition where the body’s reaction to an infection results in a dysregulated immune response - ultimately causing damage to tissues and organs. The syndrome is diverse, both in underlying biology, disease manifestation and severity, and is therefore divided into endotypes and further into subphenotypes. Further understanding of the biological pathways of the various sUtilizing machine learning to understand sepsis Sepsis is one of the deadliest syndromes in modern time, with little to no effective therapies available. In this project, machine learning was utilized to gain insight into the underlying biology of sepsis - a necessary step in finding novel and effective treatments and diagnostic tools. Sepsis is a syndrome (collection of symptoms) which is respon

Floral traits are shown to covary predictably with local pollinators by a growing number of studies, and linking this variation to fitness can help to gain an even more predictive view. Pollinators have long been recognized to drive trait evolution in plants and plant communities. Most studies searching for patterns in how pollination affects plants do not consider that pollinator selection might

Macaque politics and influential infants How infants influence social behaviour in adult Barbary macaques To befriend or not to befriend? Under what circumstances do animals act friendly to each other, and when do they act aggressively? Amid the dynamic and turbulent social landscape of macaque societies, individuals need to constantly evaluate their ever-changing social landscape. Family ties, f

Marine mammals occupy multiple trophic levels within the food webs of modern ecosystems, and secondarily aquatic reptiles played similar roles in the Mesozoic oceans. Odontocetes have conical teeth similar to those of Mesozoic marine reptiles, and thus could potentially be used to interpret the feeding ecology of the latter group. This study uses both discrete and continuous characters to determin

In a changing climate, rapid adaptation may be crucial for survival. Genetic diversity is the main source for evolutionary changes prevailing in populations. Intraspecific variation allows populations to adapt to environmental changes. Maintaining this variation is vital for biodiversity’s long-term conservation. Yet, genetic information is only incorporated in 17% of conservation plans in Europe

Long-distance bird migrants face three main constraints: time, energy, and predation risk during migration. As a result, their migratory strategies may be altered. Since migratory birds spend most of their time refueling during migration, they are particularly vulnerable to predation risk at stopover sites. The trade-off between energy intake and predation risk is widely acknowledged. However, the

Mikroorganismernas kapprustning Bakteriefager, virus som infekterar bakterier, är den vanligast förekommande organismen inom biosfären. I ett försök att ligga steget före, har bakterier utvecklat försvarsmekanismer för att undvika fagerinfektioner. Forskningsbevis visar på att en stor del av dessa mekanismer utgörs av toxin-antitoxinsystem. Här har det uttryckta toxinet förgiftande effekt på värd

This project is the culmination of my time as a design student in Lund, and heavily influenced by many years of experience and knowledge gained as a professional drone pilot The decision to work with drones for my bachelor project was an easy one. It was my last chance in this education to design something that I already had quite extensive knowledge about. Despite that, I learned alot an

Oxytocin i kampen mot Huntingtonssjukdom Huntingtonssjukdom (HS), även kallad danssjukan, är en obotlig sjukdom som successivt bryter ner nervsystemet. Sjukdomen orsakas av en förändring (mutation) i arvsmassan hos Huntington-genen, där vi får en förlängning av en kod som kallas för CAG-repetitioner. Huntington-genen bär vi alla på. Om man har en förälder som har Huntingtonssjukdom är det 50% ri

Potential drug to reduce bacterial survival Recently there has been an increase in common bacterial infections being tolerant to available antibiotics, thus leading to a possible health crisis. Bacteria has developed tolerance through a small molecule called ppGpp, which is highly produced during a stress response (e.g., antibiotics). This molecule is responsible for the shutdown of a variety of

Plants can benefit from the naturally occurring plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere. Understanding the mechanisms driving these beneficial interactions can improve plant development and resilience. Here, it was attempted to use a Synthetic Community (SynCom) to rescue the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana plants during iron deficiency stress. This stress is caused by the bio-un-availability

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of leading causes of death in the world; survivors commonly exhibit behavioural changes and neurocognitive defects in the long-term. Following TBI, rapid changes in the neurovascular unit (NVU) occur as the permeability of the blood brain barrier (BBB) increases and cerebral blood flow (CBF) becomes dysregulated. An integral component of the NVU are pericytes wh

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most common and deadliest form of blood cancer in adults, accounting for over 80% of acute leukemic diagnoses. Despite the introduction of new targeted therapies, survival rate remains low in adults, and new therapeutic approaches are needed. In a previous CRISPR screen performed by the Järås group, CALRETICULIN was identified as a regulator of human leuc

Am I selfish? - Toxin edition Many bacteria encode for toxin-antitoxin (TA) pairs. The toxin is a stable protein that targets essential bacterial components. The antitoxin is an easily-degraded antidote that protects cells from poisoning themselves. If cells lose the TA genes, they cannot produce more of either toxin or antitoxin. The unstable antitoxin is degraded fast, and the stable toxin is n

Genetic HINT to a gender reveal Reproduction is an essential process in order to ensure the survival and propagation of the species. Many processes of sexual and asexual reproduction are seen in nature. The sex of the progeny constitutes an essential factor in reaping the maximum benefits associated with the individual. In fields like poultry and dairy, knowledge on the sex-determination method c

Isolation of mycobacteriophages for tuberculosis treatment Tuberculosis (TB) is the second deadliest infectious disease after Covid-19. Due to the recent rise in antibiotic resistance, new avenues for TB treatment need to be explored. Bacteriophages are viruses that can infect bacteria and kill them. Mycobacteriophages consist of a phage head containing dsDNA and tail fibres that are used to atta

Alg som alg - eller? Grönalger är en mångfaldig grupp av primärproducenter som utgör bottennivån av de ekosystem som de är en del av. Dessa organismer binder kol med hjälp av solens energi - djurplankton äter upp grönalgerna - små fiskar äter djurplankton, och så vidare. Skulle något påverka populationen av grönalger riskerar denna påverkan att skapa en kaskadeffekt som påverkar varje steg i närThe unicellular green alga of genus Chlamydomonas are well studied within the fields of photosynthesis and flagellar research. Although many molecular tools have been developed for use on Chlamydomonas, little research has been done on its ecology and population dynamics. Species within the genus are morphologically indistinguishable using light microscopy and as such a molecular method is necessa

Neuroblastoma is pediatric cancer of the sympathetic nervous system which originates from the trunk neural crest cell population during embryonic development. Clinical representation of neuroblastoma ranges from a spontaneous regression to metastatic disease with only about 50% survival rate. Molecular events which turn normal development of sympathetic nervous system to tumorigenic has not been f