Owing to an orderly recruitment of motor units, low threshold type I fibres are presumed to be vulnerable in contractions of long duration. To study load on these fibres muscular rest was registered as the time fraction of electromyographic (EMG) activity below a threshold. Moreover, the frequency of periods with muscular rest, EMG gaps, was derived, since a low gap frequency has been shown to be

Aberrant glycosylation occurs in essentially all types of human cancers. A difference in glycopattern of proteins will result in a change of function of the proteins. The lectin from Helix pomatia (HPA) recognizes N-acetylgalactosaminylated glycoproteins and very consistent results over the increased binding of HPA in tissue sections are associated with metastasis progression and poor patient prog

We give a method for constructing non-holomorphic harmonic morphisms from Kähler manifolds. The method is then used to obtain many such examples defined locally on the complex Grassmannians.

A cross-sectional investigation of 59 Swedish 7-9-year-olds with asthma and their parents was undertaken to study family factors of importance to the children's psychological adjustment. Children scored the I Think I Am questionnaire, a measure of global self-worth, parents the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). Parents' report of family cohesion was assessed with the Family Climate questionnaire,

Papillomaviruses associated with clinical symptoms have been found in many vertebrate species. In this study, we have used an L1 gene consensus PCR test designed to detect a broad spectrum of human skin papillomaviruses to analyze swab samples from healthy skin of 111 animals belonging to 19 vertebrate species. In eight of the species, papillomavirus DNA was found with the following prevalences: c

1. Species richness is influenced by local habitat features and large-scale climatic gradients. Usually, both influences are studied in isolation because of the divergent spatial scales at which they occur. Here, we compared the influence of large-scale climate and local habitat type on European ants using a continent-wide, standardised sampling programme. 2. We investigated species richness and a

Background/Aims: To assess the risk of hepatic and extrahepatic malignancies in a large cohort of Swedish primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) patients compared with that of the general Swedish population. Methods: The study cohort comprised 604 PSC patients identified between 1970 and 1998. Follow-up was provided through linkages to the Swedish Cancer and Death registries. Cumulative incidence of

Abstract in Undeterminedpatial data sets are analysed in many scientific disciplines. Kriging, i.e. minimum mean squared error linear prediction, is probably the most widely used method of spatial prediction. Computation time and memory requirement can be an obstacle for kriging for data sets with many observations. Calculations are accelerated and memory requirements decreased by using a Gaussian

The phase behavior of the three-component PEO-PPO-PEO/dextradwater system has been studied. Pluronic L64, P105, and F68 were used, and they are members of a family of triblock copolymers with the structure PEO-PPO-PEO, where PEO is poly(ethy1ene oxide) and PPO poly- (propylene oxide). Moreover, these triblock copolymers tend to self-aggregate in aqueous solution at increasing temperature. The phas

Diabetic foot problems are common throughout the world, resulting in major economic consequences for the patients, their families, and society. Foot ulcers are more likely to be of neuropathic origin, and therefore eminently preventable, in developing countries, which will experience the greatest rise in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the next 20 years. People at greatest risk of ulceration

During total hip arthroplasty, the intraoperative cementation pressure was measured inside one of the acetabular anchorage holes. Patients were randomized to pressurization of cement with either a conventional pressurizer or a sequential method including individual pressurization of each anchorage hole. The pressure was correlated to the cement penetration measured on digital radiographs. The earl

Endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells express both estrogen receptor (ER) agr and beta. Recent findings indicate that vascular ERbeta and ERagr may substitute for one another. Here, we investigate vascular morphology, contractility and protein expression in intact aorta from adult (4 months old) female mice lacking both ERagr and ERbeta (DERKO). The body weights were 17% higher (P

Vertebrates have evolved an adaptive immune system in addition to the ancestral innate immune system. It is often assumed that a trade-off between costs and benefits of defence governs the evolution of immunological defence, but the costs and benefits specific to the adaptive immune system are poorly known. We used genetically engineered mice lacking lymphocytes (i.e. mice without adaptive, but wi

Retinitis pigmentosa is a blinding disease in which unknown mechanisms cause the degeneration of retinal photoreceptors. The retinal degeneration (rd1) mouse is a relevant model for this condition, since it carries a mutation also found in some forms of retinitis pigmentosa. To understand the degenerative process in the rd1 mouse, we must identify the survival and apoptosis-related signaling pathw

Electrical stimulation was applied to bull carcasses at a low voltage (80 V, 15 Hz, 30 s). The pH decline, tenderness, myofibrillar protein degradation, and exoprotease activities were studied in semimembranosus and longissimus dorsi muscles during the ageing process. Electrical stimulation was found to be beneficial for tenderness in longissimus dorsi muscle as determined by shear force and confi

The extensive overlap in morphological characters between populations of Dunlin Calidris alpina imposes problems of determining the origin of migrating and wintering birds. The morphology of the birds also varies between the sexes, and the sex of a Dunlin may often be difficult to determine. To clarify if mitochondrial DNA can be used to identify which breeding areas migrating Dunlin come from, we

Utilizing a femtosecond table-top laser system, we have succeeded in converting via electron acceleration in a plasma channel, low-energy photons into antiparticles, namely positrons. The average intensity of this source of positrons is estimated to be equivalent to 2x10(8) Bq and it exhibits a very favorable scaling for higher laser intensities. The advent of positron production utilizing femtose

Myocardial dysfunction occurs commonly in septic shock. It is not known whether this is due to local ischaemia and metabolic disturbances. Our hypothesis was that endotoxaemic myocardial dysfunction may be associated with interstitial ischaemic and metabolic changes, measured using interstitial microdialysis (MD). Methods: Eighteen pigs were randomized to control (n=6) or endotoxin infusion (n=12)