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Behavioral responses to novelty, including fear and subsequent avoidance of novel stimuli, i.e., neophobia, determine how animals interact with their environment. Neophobia aids in navigating risk and impacts on adaptability and survival. There is variation within and between individuals and species; however, lack of large-scale, comparative studies critically limits investigation of the socio-eco

BACKGROUND: Some pesticides, used in large quantities in current agricultural practices all over Europe, are suspected of adverse effects on human reproductive health (breast and prostate cancers), through mechanisms of endocrine disruption and possible carcinogenic properties, as observed in agricultural settings. However, evidence on dietary pesticide exposure and breast cancer (BC) is lacking f

PURPOSE: This study, conducted in participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort, aims to identify dietary pesticide exposure profiles (derived from Non-negative Matrix Factorization) from conventional and organic foods among a large sample of general population French adults.METHODS: Organic and conventional dietary intakes were assessed using a self-administered semi-quantitative food frequency quest

We introduce the public version of the BAyesian STellar Algorithm (BASTA), an open-source code written in Python to determine stellar properties based on a set of astrophysical observables. BASTA has been specifically designed to robustly combine large data sets that include asteroseismology, spectroscopy, photometry, and astrometry. We describe the large number of asteroseismic observations that

In this article we build on the concept of incompleteness, as recently developed in both organisational and urban studies, to improve our understanding of the collective actions of grassroots organisations in creating and governing critical infrastructures in the changing and resource-scarce contexts of urban informal settlements. Empirically, the article is informed by the case of resident associ

In this paper, we outline the need for a coordinated international effort toward the building of an open-access Global Ocean Oxygen Database and ATlas (GO2DAT) complying with the FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable). GO2DAT will combine data from the coastal and open ocean, as measured by the chemical Winkler titration method or by sensors (e.g., optodes, electrodes)

PURPOSE: To investigate the: (1) percent of children with spina bifida (SB) complaining of pain, (2) frequency, duration, and cause of pain by sex, level of lesion type of SB, and ambulation status, (3) body sites reported to hurt, by variables in objective 2, and (4) associations between physical and mental/emotional health between caregiver and child.METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 101 caregiv

Objective: Blindness and low vision have severe effects on individuals' quality of life and socioeconomic cost; a main contributor of which is a prevalent and acutely decreased mobility level. To alleviate this, numerous technological solutions have been proposed in the last 70 years; however, none has become widespread. Method: In this paper, we introduce the vision-to-audio, super-scale sensory

The chi-square distribution is often assumed to hold for the asymptotic distribution of two times the log likelihood ratio statistic under the null hypothesis. Approximations are derived for the mean and variance of G2, the likelihood ratio statistic for testing goodness of fit in a s category multinomial distribution. The first two moments of G2 are used to fit the distribution of G2 to a noncent

We report on the inclusive J / ψ production cross section measured at the CERN Large Hadron Collider in proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy s=13 TeV. The J / ψ mesons are reconstructed in the e +e - decay channel and the measurements are performed at midrapidity (| y| < 0.9) in the transverse-momentum interval 0 < pT< 40 GeV/c, using a minimum-bias data sample corresponding to an i

Background and Aims: Plant-forward dietary patterns have been associated with cardiometabolic health benefits, which, in turn, have been related to cognitive performance with inconsistent findings. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between baseline adherence to three a priori dietary patterns (Mediterranean, DASH, and MIND diets) with 2-year changes in cognitive performan

Northern peatlands store 300–600 Pg C, of which approximately half are underlain by permafrost. Climate warming and, in some regions, soil drying from enhanced evaporation are progressively threatening this large carbon stock. Here, we assess future CO2 and CH4 fluxes from northern peatlands using five land surface models that explicitly include representation of peatland processes. Under Represen

The decreasing trend in diurnal temperature range (DTR) since the 1950s has been widely observed in many regions of the world, including the Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, scarce instrumental records on the TP before the 1950s limit the understanding of DTR variation on a longer timescale, and its internal forcing mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we present two regional records of May–June DTR sin