An increasing demand from e.g. real-time multimedia applications (IPTV, OTT) adds strains on especially DSL based access links. In this paper we argue why it is important to study DSL link impairments and their impact on QoS parameters on higher layers. We discuss the need for establishing methods for quality of service estimation with cross layer techniques and present some initial results.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hur man undviker att bli trakasserad på flicksländornas vis Tidigare forskningsresultat har visat att hos honor i de flesta djurarter begränsas fortplantningkapacitet av hur mycket tid och energi de kan lägga på sina avkommor. Hos hanar, å andra sidan, begränsas fortplantningskapacitet av hur många honor de kan para sig med. Då kan man dra slutsatsen att hanar ska försThis study has involved investigation of number of populations of the damselfly Ischnura elegans over several years, looking at frequency changes over time, morphological differences between the sexes and the morphs, differences in growth rate and development time, differences in fecundity between the morphs, and genetic differentiation between populations. I. elegans is a small annual damselfly w

Popular Abstract in English Living organisms are composed of mainly carbohydrate, protein and lipid molecules. Protein molecules are responsible for many biological functions in cells. In order to fulfill their various biological roles, these chain-like molecules must fold into precise three-dimensional shapes. The knowledge of accurate molecular structures is a prerequisite for rational drug desiProtein molecules are responsible for many biological functions in cells. In order to fulfill their various biological roles, these chain-like molecules must fold into precise three-dimensional shapes. The knowledge of accurate molecular structures is a prerequisite for rational drug design and for structure based functional studies. Getting structural information of proteins can be a very difficu

The typical catalyst layers (CLs) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are fabricated as random heterogeneous composites to meet the multifunctional requirements of transport phenomena and electrochemical activity. The employment of Pt nano-particles, carbonaceous substrates and Nafion ionomers in CLs allows effective diffusion of hydrogen and oxygen, transport and phase change of water

Test planning for core-based 3D stacked ICs with trough-silicon vias (3D TSV-SIC) is different from test planning for non-stacked ICs as the same test schedule cannot be applied both at wafer sort and package test. In this paper, we assume a test flow where each chip is tested individually at wafer sort and jointly at package test. We define cost functions and test planning optimization algorithms

Many proteins in bovine milk exhibit specific biological activity in addition to their established nutritional value as source of protein. Examples of such bioactive proteins are extracellular glutathione peroxidase, lactoferrin and immunoglobulins. Extracellular glutathione peroxidase (eGSHPx) fulfils an antioxidative function, immunoglobulins are antimicrobial, and it has been suggested that lac

This is a detailed guide on the principles of cognitive therapy as they are applied to problems of emotion (anxiety, sadness, anger), skill (assertiveness, problem-solving), and general confidence in children and adolescents. The title is slightly misleading in the sense that there is little in the book that specifically relates to how this treatment would be applied in school settings by school p

It is well known that dielectrics with the reconstruction of zone structure (Pb1-xSnxTe, for example) have two-dimensional layers with a specific electron properties. A corresponding relativistic model has been discussed, in particular, by B.A. Volkov and O.A. Pankratov (1985). The general nature of the effect under consideration can be demonstrated by in a simple model setting, and the aim here i

Despite the considerable import of both response probability and response time for testing models of choice there is a dearth of chronometric studies of time- and space-order effects in discrimination of paired visual stimuli. In this study, systematic asymmetries in discriminating the brightness of paired visual stimuli are examined by way of binary response probability scaled in terms of log-odd

The presented thesis work is concerned with the study of molecular dynamics using liquid nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Spin relaxation dispersion experiments in the rotating frame (R1ρ) are employed to provide a detailed, atomic-resolution view of protein dynamics. Comprehensive investigations of 15N backbone and 13C methyl side-chain conformational exchange in the FK506 binding p