Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by severe insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia, due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic islets of Langerhans. A susceptible genetic background is necessary, but not sufficient, for the development of the disease. Epidemiological and clinical observations underscore the importance of environmental factors as triggers of type 1 diabetes, current

Climate change poses a serious challenge to sustainable urban development, placing many cities at risk. Climatic conditions are changing to such an extent that the capacity of urban institutions and associated governance systems to deal with climatic extremes and variability is being reduced. New approaches for urban climate change adaptation are thus urgently needed. There is an increasing conse

To test the hypothesis that certain individual, environmental and lifestyle factors are positively associated with beneficial health investment behaviours and oral/periodontal health among adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: Glucose degradation products (GDPs) are important in the outcome of peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment. 3,4-dideoxyglucosone-3-ene (3,4-DGE) is the most cytotoxic GDP found in conventionally manufactured fluids and may, in addition, be recruited from 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG). It is not known what happens with those GDPs in patients during PD. The aim of this study was to investigate if t

The intention of this thesis was to evaluate the effects of inflammation at very preterm birth on subsequent morbidity, as well as on the neuro-protective IGF-system. Prospective clinical studies of very preterm infants constituted a base for the evaluation. Temporal changes in levels of cytokines were chosen as markers of an induced inflammatory response and were evaluated together with component

Den fackliga organisationsgraden och kollektivavtalens täckningsgrad redovisas för byggbranschen, handeln, hotell- & restaurangbranschen och städbranschen, liksom för privat sektor i dess helhet för år 2007. Kollektivavtalens täckning redovisas både inklusive och exklusive hängavtal. För byggbranschen och handeln finns även en uppdelning på arbetare och tjänstemän.

Background: The primary aim of this paper is to describe the design of a project evaluating the effects of using a research-based strategy for managing housing adaptations (HAs). The evaluation targets clients' perspectives in terms of activity, participation, usability, fear of falling, fall incidence, use of mobility devices, and health-related quality of life, and determines the societal effect

Hypoxia has occurred intermittently over the Holocene in the Baltic Sea, but the recent expansion from less than 10 000 km(2) before 1950 to > 60 000 km(2) since 2000 is mainly caused by enhanced nutrient inputs from land and atmosphere. With worsening hypoxia, the role of sediments changes from nitrogen removal to nitrogen release as ammonium. At present, denitrification in the water column and s

The history of Danish geographers during the Second World War is almost synonymous with that of Gudmund Hatt (1884–1960), the Professor of Human Geography at Copenhagen University. Hatt was a key figure in the development of Danish geography and assumed the role of a public intellectual, particularly through his geopolitical analyses as they unfolded in a staggering number of radio speeches, newsp

Quantum dots are an important model system for thermoelectric phenomena, and may be used to enhance the thermal-to-electric energy conversion efficiency in functional materials, by tuning the Fermi energy relative to the dots' transmission resonances. It is therefore important to obtain a detailed understanding of a quantum dot's thermopower as a function of the Fermi energy. However, so far it ha

Background: Wnt proteins are important for developmental processes and certain diseases. WNT5A is a non-canonical Wnt protein that previously has been shown to play a role in the progression of malignant melanoma. High expression of WNT5A in melanoma tumors correlates to formation of distant metastasis and poor prognosis. This has partly been described by the findings that WNT5A expression in mela

Documenting sources of variation in host viability at pathogen exposure within and among populations is an important task in order to predict host-pathogen evolutionary dynamics. In the present study, we investigated family and population variation in the degree of embryonic infection of the pathogenic fungus Saprolegnia spp., by infecting moor frog (Rana arvalis) eggs from six populations and exp

Abstract in UndeterminedIn this paper I offer a partial defense of a constitutivist view according to which it is possible to defend fundamental requirements of practical reason by appeal to facts about what is constitutive of rational agency. I show how it is possible for that approach to circumvent the 'is'/'ought' problem as well as the requirement that it be possible to act contrary to practic

The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) does not have a specific publication or recent detailed advice on acceptability criteria and suspension levels for medical radiological equipment. However, a number of the Commission's publications clearly stress the need to carry out acceptance testing of radiological equipment. Such general recommendations are frequent in earlier and

New sub-mu s isomers have been observed in the neutron-rich Sn isotopes. Sn-125,Sn-127,Sn-129 nuclei have been produced in a relativistic fission reaction of U-238 on a Be-9 target at 750 A.MeV and by the fragmentation of Xe-136 at 600 A.MeV populating high-spin yrast states. In addition to the already known mu s isomers, three new ones with sub-mu s half-lives have been observed. These yrast isom

The Katian (Upper Ordovician) facies succession of the Siljan district, central Sweden, records some of the most prominent environmental changes in the Ordovician of Baltoscandia. These changes include two separate phases of major sea-level drawdown that were of basinwide and presumably global importance. The first regression and lowstand terminated an entire generation of carbonate mud mounds (th

The tumor suppressor gene TP53 (p53) maintains genome stability. Mutation or loss of p53 is found in most cancers. Analysis of evolutionary constrains and p53 mutations reveal important sites for concomitant functional studies. In this study, phylogenetic analyses of the coding sequences of p53 from 26 mammals were carried out by applying a maximum likelihood method. The results display two branch

A selective pressurized liquid extraction procedure (SPLE) was developed for a fast determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in sediment. The final method was performed at 100 degrees C with heptane/dichloromethane (90:10, v/v) as extraction solvent for 2 x 5 min. Sulfuric acid impregnated silica was placed downstream of the sample in the extraction cell to remove interfering components. This si

We showed that, under conditions of experimental chronic hepatitis, excessive increases in the levels of a Ca-binding protein, S-100b, and a neuronal cell adhesion molecule, NCAM, occur in all parts of the brain of Wistar rats. This is accompanied by suppression of locomotor and orientational/research activity of the animals and increase in their stress sensitivity. Treatment by a ketoglutarate an