This discussion paper, by a Working Group of INTIMATE (Integration of ice-core, marine and terrestrial records) and the Subcommision on Quaternary Stratigraphy (SQS) of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS), considers the prospects for a formal subdivision of the Holocene Series/Epoch. Although previous attempts to subdivide the Holocene have proved inconclusive, recent developments i

Objectives To determine the frequency, accrual, attribution and outcome of neuropsychiatric (NP) events and impact on quality of life over 3 years in a large inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods The study was conducted by the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics. Patients were enrolled within 15 months of SLE diagnosis. NP events were identifi

Type 2 diabetic patients usually exhibit an abnormal lipid profile. One such lipid that is constantly elevated in T2D is cholesterol. At the cellular level, cholesterol aids in tight packing of sphingolipids in certain regions of the plasma membrane and these specialized regions are termed ‘membrane rafts’, which act as signalling hubs. In pancreatic beta cells, these structures have been found to

In this study, we quantify the effect of uncertainties in climate projections on an impact model (IPS) that describes the temperature-dependent swarming and development of Ips typographus. Three forcing climate data sets (ensembles) were used: (1) E-Obs gridded observations, (2) ERA-40 reanalysis data downscaled by eight regional climate models (RCMs) and (3) regional scenarios from one RCM forced

Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Det genomgående temat i avhandlingen är hur handeln mellan den Europeiska Unionen (EU) och utvecklingsländer kan öka. Två olika policyalternativ utvärderas: så kallade handelspreferenser samt förenklingar av handelsprocedurer. Handelspreferenser innebär i sin enklaste form att höginkomstländer kräver lägre tullar på importvaror somThe main theme of the thesis is how to increase trade between the European Union (EU) and developing countries. Two available policy options are assessed: trade preferences and trade facilitation. Chapter 1 offers a broad discussion of these policies, and concludes that while trade preferences, which once dominated North-South trade relations, are at a risk of becoming obsolete, trade facilitation

Objectives: The first consensus report that had been presented by the European Germ Cell Cancer Consensus Group (EGCCCG) in 2004 has found widespread approval by many colleagues throughout the world. In November 2006, the group met a second time under the auspices of the Department of Urology of the Amsterdam Medical Center, The Netherlands. Methods: Medical oncologists, urologic surgeons, radiati

We report on a study on controlled injection of electrons into the accelerating phase of a plasma wakefield accelerator by tailoring the target density distribution using two independent sources of gas. The tailored density distribution is achieved experimentally by inserting a narrow nozzle, with an orifice diameter of only 400 mu m, into a jet of gas supplied from a 2 mm diameter nozzle. The com

Although there is an abundance of literature regarding the development of knee osteoarthritis after rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), the mechanism underlying this link is not clear. Recent studies have reported that several factors may be predictive of the development of osteoarthritis, including damage to the menisci and articular cartilage during the initial trauma, altered knee

The feasibility of pumping an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) with an ultra-high repetition rate multi:YAG laser system, producing a burst of up to eight high-energy pulses, has been investigated. For this investigation an OPO with a bandwidth around 5 cm(-1), together with a frequency doubling crystal, was selected. In some laser-induced fluorescence measurements the large linewidth from the

The effect of enzymatic activity in direct steam infusion heat treated milk with ultra-short holding times (>150 degrees C for

The neutron-rich N = 126 nucleus Au-205 has been populated following the relativistic energy projectile fragmentation of E/A = 1 GeV Pb-208, and studied via charged-particle decay spectroscopy. An internal decay with a transition energy of 907(5) keV and a half-life of T-1/2 = 6(2) s has been identified through the observation of the corresponding K and L internal conversion electron lines. The 90

Swedish local governments are responsible for providing public services to their residents. Population changes require varying considerations and responses. Population growth demands the extension of the local government service capacity, for example to provide technical services. Even a declining population is demanding because of the difficulties adjusting the size of the service capacity in an

In this paper we present a model of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and fluxes in mire water based on the convection-dispersion equation. The dynamics of sorbed, potentially soluble organic carbon (SPSOC) in the peat matrix are simulated in parallel with DOC. First, the model is applied solely to stagnant water conditions in order to interpret the results of laboratory peat incub

In this study, we demonstrate that an integrated approach, combining palaeolimnological records and limnological monitoring data, can increase our understanding of changing ecological patterns and processes in shallow lakes. We focused on recent regime shifts in shallow Lake Krankesjon, southern Sweden, including the collapse of the clear-water state in 1975 and its subsequent recovery in the late

HAMLET (Human Alpha-lactalbumin Made LEthal to Tumor cells) is the first member in a new family of protein-lipid complexes with broad tumoricidal activity. Elucidating the molecular structure and the domains crucial for HAMLET formation is fundamental for understanding its tumoricidal function. Here we present the low-resolution solution structure of the complex of oleic acid bound HAMLET, derived