Background: A number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS) as measured by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) at the calcaneus in the Framingham 100K genome-wide association study (GWAS) but have not been validated in independent studies. The aim of this analysis was to determine if these SNPs are associated wi

The effects of self-assembly on the hydrolysis kinetics of surfactants that contain ester bonds are discussed. A number of examples on how reaction rates and apparent reaction orders can be modulated by changes in the conditions, including an instance of apparent zero-order kinetics, are presented. Furthermore, it is shown that the examples on reaction kinetics display parallels and connections to

The jet energy scale (JES) and its systematic uncertainty are determined for jetsmeasured with the ATLAS detector using proton-proton collision data with a centre-of-mass energy of root s = 7 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb(-1). Jets are reconstructed from energy deposits forming topological clusters of calorimeter cells using the anti-kt algorithmwith distance parameters R

Jordan is considered one of the most water-stressed countries in the world, with less than 150 cubic meters freshwater available per capita annually. Groundwater resources are clearly vital for Jordan´s population and economic wellbeing. It´s quality and amount has therefore to be managed in a sustainable way avoiding possible contaminations. Unfortunately the groundwater quality is threatened by

Abstract is not available

Grynig påskrislav Stereocaulon incrustatum är i Sverige rödlistad som Akut hotad och arten var inför denna inventering känd bara från en aktuell lokal i landet, i Blekinge. Där hittades arten första gången 1938 och växer numera i ett naturreservat med speciellt utformade skötselföreskrifter. Ytterligare åtta lokaler är kända från spridda landskap; Västergötland, Bohuslän, Öland, Dalarna och Jämtla

The superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) is the largest gene family in the human genome. GPCR-mediated signaling operates in every human cell, and about 50% of existing clinically useful drugs act through GPCR. Kinins are proinflammatory peptides that are rapidly produced extracellularly following pathological insults and tissue damage. These peptides act through two GPCR subtypes, B1

A non-model based approach to finite-horizon optimal sampled-data control of continuous-time nonlinear systems subject to input saturation constraints is proposed. The approach adapts the global optimisation method DIRECT to computing a periodically piecewise constant system input which minimises a possibly non-quadratic cost involving the system state and input. In the case where several similar

High-temperature operating performance of p-i-p quantum dots-in-awell infrared photodetectors (QDIPs) is successfully demonstrated. The optically active region consists of 10 layers of p-doped selfassembled InAs quantum dots (QDs) asymmetrically positioned in In0.15Ga0.85As quantum wells (QWs). The dark current is suppressed by an incorporated superlattice (SL) structure composed of 10 pairs of Al

This paper presents the evaluation of parameters describing bond action between fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) and concrete in RC structures strengthened in flexure. The parameters were evaluated on the basis of fitting nonlinear finite-element results to experimental results from literature. Three-dimensional (3D) finite-element simulations were used to account for transversal effects without int

The complement system is one of the most important defence mechanisms against bacteria and pathogens. It acts within the framework of both innate and adaptive immunity. In addition to direct elimination of pathogens, complement also supports waste removal (dying cells, immune complexes, and misfolded proteins) and guides effector mechanisms of the adaptive immune response. Key events in complement

Dekkera bruxellensis is mainly associated with Iambic beer fermentation and wine production and may contribute in a positive or negative manner to the flavor development. This yeast is able to produce phenolic compounds, such as 4-ethylguaiacol and 4-ethylphenol which could spoil the wine, depending on their concentration. In this work we have investigated how this yeast responds when exposed to c

For rotating Bose-Einstein condensates, the occurrence of vortices has been much discussed in the Gross-Pitaevskii approach. Here, we study vortex formation in finite systems with few particles for weak and repulsive two-body interactions, by numerical diagonalization. Vortex formation is surprisingly similar for both (spinless) bosonic and fermionic particles. Breaking the rotational invariance o

The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) is the prototype organ-regenerating stem cell (SC), and by far the most studied type of SC in the body. Currently, HSC-based therapy is the only routinely used SC therapy; however, advances in the field of embryonic SCs and induced pluripotent SCs may change this situation. Interest into in vitro generation of HSCs, including signals for HSC expansion and differen

Pressure overload activates cardiac fibroblasts leading to excessive production of extracellular matrix which may contribute to compromised heart function. The activated fibroblast acquires smooth muscle-like features such as expression of smooth muscle alpha-actin (SMA) and SM22 and is therefore referred to as myofibroblast. The molecular mechanisms underlying mechanical stress-induced myofibrobl

This thesis argues that general subordinators, such as the Germanic THAT and IF, denote propositional modality. Propositional modality stands for the “speaker’s attitude to the truth-value or factual status of the proposition” (Palmer 2001:24) and is otherwise expressed by moods such as the indicative-subjunctive and epistemic-evidential modal markers. One obvious connection between markers of pro

The clinical knowledge of factors related to the spread of pain on the body has increased and understanding these factors is essential for effective pain treatment. This population-based study examines local (LP), regional (RP), and widespread pain (WSP) on the body regarding comorbidities, pain aspects, and impact of pain and elucidates how the spread of pain varies over time.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av fem stycken artiklar som analyserar och estimerar finansiella prisprocesser. Alla artiklarna handlar också om stokastiska volatilitetsprocesser som estimeras med Bayesiansk statistik och Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) metoder. Det första pappret utvecklar en modell för att mäta den amerikanska och de regionala europeiska aktiemarknadernas påverkThis dissertation consists of five papers concerned with the estimation and analysis of financial price processes. The first paper develops a stock price model and analyzes the impact of the US and the regional European stock markets on the local European countries’ stock markets. Among several things, we find that the dependencies among the stock markets do not increase during periods of distress