To study the mechanisms affecting the crack propagation rate for fatigue cracks exposed to an overload, an in situ scanning electron microscope technique was used, together with potential drop measurements. High-resolution images were analysed with an image analysis program to measure the displacements along the crack, and the potential drop technique was employed to measure the electrical contact

Clear cell sarcoma of kidney (CCSK) is classified as a tumour of unfavourable histology by the National Wilms' Tumor Study Group. It has worse clinical outcomes than Wilms' tumour. Virtually nothing is known about CCSK biology, as there have been very few genetic aberrations identified to act as pointers in this cancer. Three cases of CCSK bearing a chromosomal translocation, t(10;17)(q22;p13), ha

CYLD is a deubiquitinating (DUB) enzyme that has a pivotal role in modulating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways by removing the lysine 63- and linear-linked ubiquitin chain from substrates such as tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) and TRAF6. Loss of CYLD activity is associated with tumorigenicity, and levels of CYLD are lost or downregulated in different ty

Background: Patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) have haemostatic abnormities associated with bleeding and thrombo-embolic events. The haemostatic abnormalities are not fully understood, but recent studies indicate that elevated haematocrit and fibrinogen function may be of importance. The aim of this study was to characterise the haemostatic profile and examine the potential rol

Weak economic growth is a contributing factor behind many banking crises. In this paper, we test whether banking crises cause long-term institutional change aimed at improving macroeconomic performance and thus indirectly reduce the risk of future crises. Our dataset consists of 22 developed and 34 developing countries covering the period from 1985 to 2009. The results show that banking crises cau

Loss-of-function mutations protective against human disease provide in vivo validation of therapeutic targets, but none have yet been described for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Through sequencing or genotyping of ∼150,000 individuals across 5 ancestry groups, we identified 12 rare protein-truncating variants in SLC30A8, which encodes an islet zinc transporter (ZnT8) and harbors a common variant (p.Trp32

The aim of this article is to reveal how family members act, react and reason when their elderly relative considers relocation to a residential home. Since family members are usually involved in the logistics of their elderly relative's relocation, yet simultaneously expected not to influence the decision, the focus is on how family members experience participation in the relocation process in a S

Aim: The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Outcome Questionnaire 45 (OQ-45) with feedback in a Swedish psychiatric outpatient population using a randomized controlled design. Method: In all 1720 patients made at least one regular visit to the clinics in the period 12 February 2007 to 10 February 2008 and received information about the study. Of these, 374 patients (22%) ag

Aim In many cases, human colonization drastically modified the ecosystems of remote oceanic islands before scientists arrived to document the changes. Palaeoecological records before and after human colonization provide insights into the original ecosystems and an assessment of subsequent human impact. We used pollen analysis to compare the impact of 15th century colonization of the Azores with th

Platelets are the main source of microparticles in plasma and the concentration of microparticles is increased in many diseases. As microparticles expose negatively charged phospholipids, they can bind and assemble the procoagulant enzyme-cofactor complexes. Our aim was to elucidate possible regulation of these complexes on microparticles by the anticoagulant protein C system.

In this work, we employ density functional theory to assign vibrational signatures of [FeFe]-hydrogenase intermediates to molecular structures. For this purpose, we perform an exhaustive analysis of structures and harmonic vibrations of a series of CN and CO containing model clusters of the [FeFe]-hydrogenase enzyme active site considering also different charges, counterions, and solvents. The pur

The feasibility of using different voice coil transducers in applications with reciprocal transducers of mechanical waves is investigated. It was speculated that voice coil transducers could be a more efficient alternative to piezoelectric transducers in low frequency ranges. Five different voice coil transducers, originally constructed for either transmission or reception, were characterized in b

The article launches a conceptual argument against the suggestion that Christian fundamentalist women, having for religious reasons voluntarily chosen their subjugation,are not oppressed. The article also rebuts the related argument that Christian fundamentalism provides women with adequate means for subversive power. Instead, the article proposes that women within Christian fundamentalism are opp

Doping mechanisms of Mn in GaAs nanowires (NWs) that have been grown self-catalytically at 600 degrees C by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) are investigated using advanced electron microscopy techniques and atom probe tomography, Mn is found to be incorporated primarily in the form of non-magnetic tetragonal Ga0.82Mn0.18 nanocrystals in Ga catalyst droplets at the ends of the NWs, while trace amounts

Background: It has been observed that patients with allergic asthma/rhinitis have increased apoptosis of peripheral blood cells. This study was designed to explore the idea that the markers of apoptosis may help predict the response of allergen immunotherapy. Methods: The Allergy Department of University Hospital, Malmo, Sweden, recruited a total of 58 young adults (

Background No effective standard treatment exists for patients with radioiodine-refractory, advanced differentiated thyroid carcinoma. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of vandetanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of RET, VEGFR and EGFR signalling, in this setting. Methods In this randomised, double-blind, phase 2 trial, we enrolled adults (aged >= 18 years) with locally advanced or metastatic

Low throughput is an inherent problem associated with most single-molecule biophysical techniques. We have developed a versatile tool for high-throughput analysis of DNA and DNA-binding molecules by combining microfluidic and dense DNA arrays. We use an easy-to-process microfluidic flow channel system in which dense DNA arrays are prepared for simultaneous imaging of large amounts of DNA molecules

Birth-jump models are designed to describe population models for which growth and spatial spread cannot be decoupled. A birth-jump model is a nonlinear integro-differential equation. We present two different derivations of this equation, one based on a random walk approach and the other based on a two-compartmental reaction-diffusion model. In the case that the redistribution kernels are highly co

Parasites exert a major impact on the eco-evolutionary dynamics of their hosts and the associated biotic environment. Migration constitutes an effective means for long-distance invasions of vector-borne parasites and promotes their rapid spread. Yet, ecological and spatial information on population-specific host-parasite connectivity is essentially lacking. Here, we address this question in a syst