During hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass, monomeric sugars and a broad range of inhibitory compounds are formed and released. These inhibitors, which can be organized around three main groups, furans, weak acids and phenolics, reduce ethanol yield and productivity by affecting the microorganism performance during the fermentation step. Among the microorganisms that have been evaluated for lign

Chromosomal region 13q21-q22 harbors a putative breast cancer susceptibility gene and has been implicated as a common site for somatic deletions in a variety of malignant tumors. We have built a complete physical clone contig for a region between D13S1308 and AFM220YE9 based on 18 yeast artificial chromosome and 81 bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones linked together by 22 genetic markers

The changes in the NO adsorption properties of Pd(1 0 0) due to the addition of Mn have been investigated using high resolution core level photoelectron spectroscopy. The Pd(1 0 0) surface was modified by forming a c(2 x 2)-PdMn surface alloy at two different Mn coverages, giving surfaces partly and fully alloyed, respectively, as shown by scanning tunneling microscopy. NO adsorption on the alloy

BACKGROUND: End-to-side nerve repair is attachment of a single distal nerve segment (recipient nerve) end-to-side to an intact donor nerve when there is a lack of proximal nerve segment after injury. The technique is currently used clinically but the mechanism(s) behind this technique are essentially unknown. METHODS: We have studied end-to-side nerve repair in the forelimb of rats, where a single

An existence and uniqueness result for bounded, positive solutions x(t) of the equation u" + f (t, u, u') = 0, t greater than or equal to t(0) greater than or equal to 0, is established by means of the Banach contraction principle. For such a solution it is shown that alpha(t) less than or equal to x'(t) less than or equal to beta(t), t greater than or equal to t(0), where alpha, beta are given no

A study of the formation of resonant states in the conduction band, induced by impurities outside heterostructure quantum wells, is presented. We derive general expressions for the capture and scattering amplitudes, the resonance position and width, and we also calculate the effect on the energy spectrum and the density of states in the quantum well. The theory is applied to two typical impurity p

L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) is among the motor complications that arise in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients after a prolonged treatment with L-DOPA. To this day, transcriptome analysis has been performed in a rat model of LID [Neurobiol. Dis., 17 (2004), 219] but information regarding the proteome is still lacking. In the present study, we investigated the changes occurring at the protein lev

Benzene-fluorobenzene complexes are used as model systems to simulate the interactions of the SBB-HCAII protein-ligand complex. Using the second-order Moller-Plesset [MP2] and the coupled cluster singles and doubles including connected triple excitations models recently implemented with Cholesky decompositions we evaluate accurate interaction energies for several benzene-fluorobenzene van der Waal

Synthetic peptides composed of multiples of the consensus heparin-binding Cardin and Weintraub sequences AKKARA and ARKKAAKA are antimicrobial. Replacement of lysine and arginine by histidine in these peptides completely abrogates their antimicrobial and heparin-binding activities at neutral pH. However, the antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) an

This dissertation deals with analog techniques at both the architecture and circuit design levels for designing power efficient linear radio-frequency (RF) transmitters. The use of nonlinear analog integrated circuits to implement certain critical signal processing functions for the multiplicative feedback and LINC techniques is investigated with the aim of improving the system performance in term

The relationship between test results from the Meta-Contrast Technique (MCT) and self-reports from Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP), or the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T), was investigated in 100 healthy women. Additionally, it was investigated whether age and cognitive abilities influenced the reports of picture recognition thresholds in the MCT. The results showed no agreement betw