Filetype
Quantum computing has progressed from a theoretical concept to a practical experimental technology. By processing information according to quantum mechanics rather than classical rules, quantum computers may offer advantages for certain problems. Although a few algorithms have proven speedups, it remains unclear where quantum computers will be practically useful, especially since current devices a
The mean-field game theory is the study of strategic decision making in very large populations of weakly interacting individuals. Mean-field games have been an active area of research in the last decade due to its increased significance in many scientific fields. The foundations of mean-field theory go back to the theory of statistical and quantum physics. One may describe mean-field games as a ty
This dissertation examines the emergence of Nordic ecohorror as a contemporary genre and mode that brings ecological disruption, feminine monstrosity, and Nordic exceptionalist imaginaries into critical dialogue. Focusing on literature, film, and television from across the Nordic region, it explores how ecohorrific narratives challenge conventional distinctions between nature and culture, human an
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as central regulators of pancreatic islet biology, influencing β-cell development, proliferation, and function. In type 2 diabetes (T2D), both adaptive and maladaptive miRNA responses shape β-cell compensation and progressive secretory dysfunction. Here, we review current insights into the regulation of insulin secretion, with a focus on exocytosis and the autocrine
Understanding and modeling human mobility is central to challenges in transport planning, sustainable urban design, and public health. Despite decades of effort, simulating individual mobility remains challenging because of its complex, context-dependent, and exploratory nature. Here, building on the activity-based view of daily mobility, we propose MobilityGen, a diffusion-based generative framew
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are tumor cell subsets with self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and tumor-initiating capacity that sustain cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and relapse. Targeting CSCs therefore represents a promising route to improve the durability of cancer treatment. However, translation of this approach into routine care has been slow because of the biological comple
X-ray-scattering tensor tomography requires dark-field measurements in the projection domain that are both unbiased and rotation equivariant. We show that, in the context of circular-grating-based tensor tomography, the commonly used cell-based chord retrieval (CCR) cannot satisfy either requirement. From the two-dimensional convolution model of circular gratings, we derive a closed-form expressio
Background: The registered prevalence of autism has increased substantially over the past two decades, potentially impacting the co-occurrence of diagnosed intellectual disability (ID) in autism. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the proportion of ID in individuals with autism over two decades (2001–2020). Methods: Data for this study was retrieved for individuals born between 1988–20
BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases cardiovascular and mortality risk. Guidelines recommend statins for primary prevention in individuals aged ≥50 years with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, but implementation and outcomes remain unclear. This study examined statin use and its association with all-cause mortality in individuals with CKD and no other in
This document outlines the Swedish national recommendations for MR safety, developed by the Swedish Alliance for MR Safety (SAMS). Grounded in international guidelines, Swedish legislation, and scientific evidence, these recommendations have been tailored to the Swedish healthcare context while remaining broadly applicable across European systems. The guidelines emphasize universal safety principl
BACKGROUND: The hypothesis was that ultra-high-frequency (UHF) ultrasound can distinguish ganglionic from aganglionic bowel during surgery for Hirschsprung disease. The aim was to assess UHF ultrasound for differentiating ganglionosis from aganglionosis in children undergoing rectosigmoid Hirschsprung disease surgery.METHODS: The child's intestine was examined intra-operatively using the Vevo MD (
Nanogenerators are significant in the era of the emerging biodegradable energy harvesting systems, Internet of Things (IoT) application and wearable gadgets, where battery replacement and external power supply are challenging. The rise in energy demand coupled with concerns regarding environmental contamination caused by fossil fuel-based energy generation has spurred research and development of n
OBJECTIVE: Secondary aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is a rare but life-threatening complication. Definitive treatment guidelines are lacking, and surgical management has traditionally relied on staged procedures. Reports of successful single-stage repair with long-term follow-up remain scarce. This case report aims to describe the workup, surgical s
BACKGROUND: Distal gastric cancer with gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) poses challenges to multimodal treatment. The optimal management strategy in patients undergoing curative-intent treatment remains unclear. This study aimed to characterize real-world management pathways and outcomes in patients with distal gastric cancer presenting with clinically significant GOO.METHODS: All consecutive pati
BACKGROUND: Proximal humeral fracture (PHF) is the fourth most common nonspinal fracture in adults. The long-term clinical outcomes after nonoperative treatment for different PHF types are unclear. This study aims to evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of a nonoperatively treated PHF across various fracture types using the Neer and Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (AO) classificati
Background: The integration of clinical decision support tools in medical practice is challenging and must be carefully undertaken, especially in cancer management. Noninvasive Lymph Node Status (NILS) is a web-based tool designed to estimate the probability of benign axillary lymph nodes in female patients with breast cancer scheduled for primary surgery. The aim was to identify barriers to NILS
