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Carbohydrates in Food, Third Edition provides thorough and authoritative coverage of the chemical analysis, structure, functional properties, analytical methods, and nutritional relevance of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides used in food. Carbohydrates have become a hot topic in the debate about what to eat. This new edition includes increased treatment of resistant starch, dieta

An important link has been found between telomere deregulation and several age- related diseases, such as cancer and metabolic diseases (Sanders and Newman 2013, Rizvi et al. 2014). Short telomeres have been described in peripheral blood cells from patients with cancer, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and in obese individuals.

Unfortunately, contemporary population-based studies on the epidemiology of acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI) are lacking owing to low autopsy rates and reporting of only patients who have surgery. e overall incidence of AMI between 1970 and 1982 in the city of Malmö, Sweden, diagnosed at either autopsy or operation, was 12.9 per 100,000 person-years. e autopsy rate in this population was 87%. Amon

If, as indicated by some studies, prudent diets such as the Mediterranean or DASH diets can be further improved, an evolutionary approach may be helpful. Paleolithic diets represent the food habits during more than two million years of hominid and human evolution before the development of agriculture. Fruits, tubers, nuts, lean meat, larvae, insects, fish, shellfish, eggs, honey, and a large varie

BACKGROUND: Incidental durotomy (ID) is one of the most common intraoperative complications seen in spine surgery. Conflicting evidence has been presented regarding whether or not outcomes are affected by the presence of an ID. PURPOSE: To evaluate whether outcomes following degenerative spine surgery are affected by ID and the incidence of ID with different diagnoses and different surgical proced

Dietary sphingomyelin (SM) undergoes sequential cleavage to ceramide and sphingosine in the intestine. A distinctive intestinal sphingomyelinase (SMase) with alkaline pH-optimum was earlier identified by us. The activity was highest in middle and lower small intestine, but its role in SM digestion has not been clarified. In this study we examined the extension and capacity of SM digestion in vivo.

BACKGROUNDThere is a renewed interest in metabolism of sphingolipids because of their role in signal transduction. Sphingomyelin is the dominating phospholipid in human milk but its metabolism and possible function in the gastrointestinal tract of breast fed infants is unknown. We explored whether bile salt-stimulated milk lipase has a role in sphingolipid metabolism.METHODSIn vitro assays of sphi

Two studies were conducted to investigate the role of meat and arachidonic acid in colonie signal transduction, particularly protein kinase C (PKC) activation. In Study 1, 26 male Wistar rats were fed a casein‐ or a beef‐based diet for four weeks. PKC activity was measured from the proximal and distal colonie mucosa and diacylglycerol concentration from fecal samples. The beef diet significantly i

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli attach to epithelial cells through P fimbriae that bind Galα1‐4Galβ‐oligosaccharide sequences in cell surface glycosphingolipids. The binding of P‐fimbriated E. coli to uroepithelial cells causes the release of ceramide, activation of the ceramide signalling pathway and a cytokine response in the epithelial cells. The present study examined the molecular source of ce

Previous studies showed that bile salts had apromoting effect on colon cancer development and thiseffect was inhibited by ursodeoxycholate (UDC). Werecently found that both human colorectal adenomas and carcinomas were associated with a specificdecrease in alkaline sphingomyelinase activity. In thiswork, we compared the effects of ursodeoxycholate andother bile salts on the levels of rat intestina