Although the genetic basis and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes have been studied extensively, how host responses to environmental factors might contribute to autoantibody development remains largely unknown. Here, we use longitudinal blood transcriptome sequencing data to characterize host responses in children within 12 months prior to the appearance of type 1 diabetes-linked islet autoantibodies

Climate warming increases carbon assimilation by plant growth and also accelerates permafrost CO2 emissions; however, the overall ecosystem CO2 balance in permafrost regions and its economic impacts remain largely unknown. Here we synthesize in situ measurements of net ecosystem CO2 exchange to assess current and future carbon budgets across the northern permafrost regions using the random forest

The UPCA for the first time establishes harmonized exceptions and limitations to the effects of granted patent rights. Previously these were the sole province of national law but a with a degree of similarity.This chapter briefly analyses the historical origin, legal nature and scope of Article 27 UPCA, the future harmonizing effect of UPCA patent limitations, followed by a discussion on each limi

Den boreala regionen innehåller 40% av jordens kol (C) som lagras i vegetation och mark med sina skogar som står för nästan 30% av den terrestra C sänkan. Boreala skogar upplever några av de snabbaste hastigheterna för klimatuppvärmning och ökningar i brandaktivitet, vilket hotar att släppa ut stora mängder av deras C reserver till atmosfären. Även om klimat och skogsbränder har stark kontroll öveThe boreal region contains 40% of the earth’s carbon (C) that is stored in vegetation and soils with its forests accounting for almost 30% of the terrestrial C sink. Boreal forests are experiencing some of the most rapid rates of climatic warming and increases in fire activity, threatening to release large amounts of their dense C reserves to the atmosphere. While climate and wildfire place strong

Archamoebae comprises free-living or endobiotic amoebiform protists that inhabit anaerobic or microaerophilic environments and possess mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs) adapted to function anaerobically. We compared in silico reconstructed MRO proteomes of eight species (six genera) and found that the common ancestor of Archamoebae possessed very few typical components of the protein transl

Post-acute COVID-19 (PACS) are associated with cardiovascular dysfunction, especially postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). Patients with PACS, both in the absence or presence of POTS, exhibit a wide range of persisting symptoms long after the acute infection. Some of these symptoms may stem from alterations in cardiovascular homeostasis, but the exact mechanisms are poorly understood.

BACKGROUND: Oncological outcome after radical radiotherapy (RRT) combined with neoadjuvant and adjuvant androgen suppression therapy (AST) may differ according to type of AST. The aim of this nationwide register-based study was to investigate risk of prostate cancer (Pca) death after different neoadjuvant and adjuvant ASTs; (i) bicalutamide, (ii) gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH) or (

BACKGROUND: Analyses of clinical outcomes following radiotherapy (RT) have advanced our understanding of fundamental radiobiological characteristics in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Low fractionation sensitivity appears to be a common feature, as well as susceptibility to changes in overall treatment time (OTT). Large tumors should be harder to cure if a successful RT requires the

Petrochemical producers both rely upon and generate some of the most problematic substances in the current age of socioecological crisis: fossil fuels and plastics. With mounting calls to cap fossil fuel extraction as well as plastics production, the industry appears to be caught between a rock and a hard place. Nonetheless, betting on continuously increasing global plastic demand, petrochemical p

With the ever-growing popularity of live-streaming commerce, it is crucial for marketers to understand how live-streaming contributes to sales. While prior studies mainly focused on customer motivations for using live-streaming commerce, few studies, to date, elucidate consumers' decision-making process in this context. Addressing this gap, we adopt the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) of persua

OBJECTIVE: An increased prevalence of atherosclerosis has been shown among patients with hypopituitarism. The aim of the present study was to assess whether patients with hypopituitarism experience increased cardiovascular, in particular cerebrovascular, mortality.DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Retrospective cohort study of mortality, 1952-1992, in 344 patients, of whom 130 were female, receiving convention

We present a method to produce small pitch gratings for X-ray interferometric imaging applications, allowing the phase sensitivity to be increased and/or the length of the laboratory setup to be minimized. The method is based on fabrication of high aspect ratio silicon microstructures using deep reactive ion etching (Bosch technique) of dense grating arrays and followed by conformal electroplating