When referring to non-present entities, speakers and signers can select from a range of different strategies to create expressions that range from extremely concise to highly elaborate. This design of referring expressions is based partly on the availability of contextual information that can aid addressee understanding. In the small signing community of Providence Island, signers' heavy reliance

We present and validate a simulation package for simulating the signal generated from arbitrary acousto-optical interaction in scattering media. We further present an example on how the package can be used as a virtual lab.

Background: Instability after total knee arthroplasty is a common but poorly understood complication. Methods: Data from a large national registry was used to study patient and prosthesis characteristics of 2605 total knee arthroplasty revisions for instability. The cumulative percent revision was calculated using Kaplan-Meier estimates, and Cox proportional models used to compare revision rates.

Lung function is highly dependent on the structure of the lung parenchyma. Remodeling of the alveolar compartment is a central part of the pathology of chronic lung disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Pathological lung remodeling occurs as an interplay between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) which in addition to its structu

Sweden has the largest forest cover in the European Union, and for decades, Sweden's forest industry has pursued intensive forest management through tree plantations and clear-cutting in order to maximize wood production. The Swedish forestry sector is increasingly under pressure to transition away from intensive clear-cut forest management, but other forest management models are still a niche in

Background: The scapular osseous free flap (SOFF) has become an important reconstructive option for complex head and neck defects. Postoperative donor site function is, however, an important consideration. The objective of this study was to prospectively investigate SOFF donor site morbidity and to relate the findings to hand dominance and neck dissection. Methods: Objective assessment included bi

Local pseudorandom generators are a class of fundamental cryptographic primitives having very broad applications in theoretical cryptography. Following Couteau et al.’s work at ASIACRYPT 2018, this paper further studies the concrete security of one important class of local pseudorandom generators, i.e., Goldreich’s pseudorandom generators. Our first attack is of the guess-and

Background: Excessive smartphone use is a new and debated phenomenon frequently mentioned in the context of behavioral addiction, showing both shared and distinct traits when compared to pathological gaming and gambling. Objective: The aim of this study is to describe excessive smartphone use and associated factors among adolescents, focusing on comparisons between boys and girls. Methods: This st

Large-eddy simulations (LES) coupled with a partially-stirred reactor model and a finite-rate chemistry are carried out to investigate the effects of n-heptane injection timing on the methanol fueled dual-fuel (DF) combustion. Methanol is premixed with air in a constant volume chamber (T=1000 K, ρ=14.8 kg/m3) to form a homogeneous mixture (equivalence ratio ϕm of 0.3). Liquid fuel n-heptane is pro

Background: Multiple risk scores claim to predict the probability of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after pancreatoduodenectomy. It is unclear which scores have undergone external validation and are the most accurate. The aim of this study was to identify risk scores for POPF, and assess the clinical validity of these scores. Methods: Areas under receiving operator characteristic curve (A

Magnetomotive ultrasound is an emerging technique that enables detection of magnetic nanoparticles. This has implications for ultrasound molecular imaging, and potentially addresses clinical needs regarding determination of metastatic infiltration of the lymphatic system. Contrast is achieved by a time-varying magnetic field that sets nanoparticle-laden regions in motion. This motion is governed b

Introduction and objectives: Bladder cancer is primarily a disease of older age and little is known about the differences between patients diagnosed with bladder cancer at a younger versus older age. Our objectives were to compare bladder cancer specific survival in patients aged

Att analysera och värdera räddningstjänstens operativa förmåga är nödvändigt för att tydligt och transparent kunna dimensionera verksamheten. I den här rapporten presenterar vi ett förslag på hur sådana analyser och värderingar kan genomföras med fokus på skydd mot olyckor och kommunal räddningstjänst. Rapporten är framtagen på uppdrag av Malmö stad och Lunds kommun, vilket innebär att den data so

Higher milk intake has been associated with a lower stroke risk, but not with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Residual confounding or reverse causation cannot be excluded. Therefore, we estimated the causal association of milk consumption with stroke and CHD risk through instrumental variable (IV) and gene-outcome analyses. IV analysis included 29,328 participants (4,611 stroke; 9,828 CHD) o

Background: The optimal imaging follow-up after infrarenal EVAR is still undefined. The aim of this study was to analyze the outcome of a personalized follow-up program after infrarenal EVAR based on ultrasound AAA diameter measurements for low-risk patients. Methods: All consecutive patients followed-up locally after elective and acute infrarenal EVAR between 2010 and 2015 were retrospectively re

In Gärdenfors and Makinson (Artif Intell 65(2):197–245, 1994) and Gärdenfors (Knowledge representation and reasoning under uncertainty, Springer-Verlag, 1992) it was shown that it is possible to model nonmonotonic inference using a classical consequence relation plus an expectation-based ordering of formulas. In this article, we argue that this framework can be significantly enriched by adopting a

Background: To investigate the effects and mechanism of action of apolipoprotein M (ApoM) on the growth of breast cancer (BC) cells. Methods and results: Bioinformatics, cell experiments and animal experiments were used to verify the effect of ApoM on breast cancer cell lines and breast tumor growth in vivo. ApoM expression was significantly reduced in BC tissues, and patients with lower ApoM mRNA

Background and Objective: Fentanyl is an opioid commonly used to prevent and treat severe pain in neonates; however, its use is off label and mostly based on bodyweight. Given the limited pharmacokinetic information across the entire neonatal age range, we characterized the pharmacokinetics of fentanyl across preterm and term neonates to individualize dosing. Methods: We pooled data from two previ

This paper performs a comparative analysis to obtain the optimal cross-section shape and parameters of both pin fins and vortex generators. A novel combined structure with pin fins and vortex generators is proposed to enhance thermal performance of an integrated microchannel heat sink. Effects of nanoparticle diameter and volume fraction are investigated using Al2O3 nanofluid and DI-water as worki