This paper presents a numerical investigation of heat transfer from impinging swirling jets. Various turbulence models are used. Comparison with experimental data is provided. Generally the V2F model was found to perform better than other models but for small nozzle to plate distances it was hard to maintain good accuracy. The difference in performance, in terms of the Nusselt number distribution

Although most law schools recognise the value of introducing students to a broader sociological perspective on law,this usually falls short of a full engagement with sociology as an academic discipline. This book introduces a wide range of sociological traditions, and how they can be used in investigating law and legal institutions. The book is organised into six sections, each with an introducti

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API-fallet sammanförde tre överklaganden av förstainstansrättens avgörande i ett mål om tillgång till kommissionens inlagor. Fallet handlade ytterst om huruvida och under vilka omständigheter som kommissionen enligt öppenhetsförordningen är skyldig att på begäran lämna ut sina inlagor i rättsliga förfaranden vid EU-domstolen. Förutom dessa tekniska frågor aktualiserar API-fallet även mer övergripa

Agarose, the most commonly employed chromatography base material in industrial purification processes for biomolecules – proteins, has almost ideal properties. The major disadvantage of the agarose support is its poor mechanical strength which excludes its use in high speed separations where small particles are needed in order to achieve improved chromatographic efficiency. This drawback can be re

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen berör membranbaserade tekniker för provupparbetning, vilket enkelt uttryckt innebär att använda membran för att ”skilja agnarna från vetet”. De membran som använts kan designas för att vara selektivt genomsläppliga, d.vs. släppa igenom vissa molekyler och inte andra. Denna selektivitet behöver inte vara baserad på molekylstorlek, tvärtom styrs den mer av moComplex biological and environmental samples require a high degree of selectivity in order to determine components therein. Sensitivity measures, such as analyte pre-concentration are often required for assessing composition quantitatively. Use of membranes and especially non-porous membranes for extraction purposes offers in many cases the desired measure of selectivity and sensitivity for trace

When it comes to measuring attention, or quantifying it in any way, it is not easy to pin down what exactly we measure. Advances in technology have enabled the construction of complex models of certain aspects of attention and identified many of the structures and factors involved in the changing nature of attention. In this chapter, we will go with a working definition of attention as the concent

Popular Abstract in Swedish Läkemedel kan sprutas direkt i ytliga blodkärl genom en så kallad perifer venkateter (PVK). Sådan behandling kallas för intravenös. När läkemedel ges intravenöst orsakar de ibland inflammation i den ven där de sprutas in, vilket kan medföra en ytlig blodpropp i kärlet. Denna biverkning kallas ofta för tromboflebit, men i denna avhandling kallas detta tillstånd för infusIntravenous administration of antibiotics is often followed by infusion phlebitis. In this condition are vessel irritation, inflammation and sometimes superficial thrombosis included. In this thesis, the risk for infusion phlebitis for various antibiotics has been evaluated in a clinical study in 550 patients. Various effects of four antibiotics on cultured endothelial cells have also been examine

Popular Abstract in Swedish De senaste åren har jag ägnat åt att undersöka en speciell typ av gelbildare: kappa-carrageenan. Kappa-carrageenan kan användas för att göra gelé men används också i annan mat t.ex. efterrätter och glass, för att ge konsistens. När man vill göra en gel av kappa-carrageenan blandar man ut lite pulver i vatten och kokar sedan upp det hela. När blandningen kyls av kommer dThe phase behaviour and gelation of the anionic polysaccharide kappa-carrageenan (KC) in different salt solutions was studied. The specific site binding of certain anions and certain cations to the KC helix was used as a means of controlling the interactions. In the presence of a binding anion (I-) the charge density of the helix increases and the aggregation of helices, and thereby the gelation,

Abstract in UndeterminedDifferential in-gel electrophoresis (DIGE) experiments allow three protein samples to be run per gel. The three samples are labeled with the spectrally resolvable fluorescent dyes, Cy2, Cy3, and Cy5, respectively. Here, we show that protein-specific dye effects exist, and we present a linear mixed model for analysis of DIGE data which takes dye effects into account. A Java

Fully-synchronous measurements of a massive multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) radio propagation channel are presented. We evaluate the ability of a massive MIMO system to spatially separate users located close to each other in line-of-sight (LOS) propagation conditions. The system consists of a base-station (BS) antenna array equipped with 64 dual-polarized antenna elements (128