Background: Estimations of the risk of bisphosphonate associated atypical femoral fractures vary between different population-based studies, from considerable to neglectable. A possible explanation for these discrepancies could be different definitions of atypical fractures. We aimed to identify specific radiographic fracture characteristics associated with bisphosphonate use. Methods: In a previo

Early vision is the process occurring before any semantic interpretation of an image takes place. Motion estimation, object segmentation and detection are all parts of early vision, but recognition is not. Many of these tasks are formulated as optimization problems and one of the key factors for the success of recent methods is that they seek to compute globally optimal solutions. This thesis is c

Cyanobacteria living epiphytically on mosses in pristine, unpolluted areas fix substantial amounts of atmospheric nitrogen (N) and therefore represent a primary source of N in N-limited boreal forests. However, the fate of this N is unclear, in particular, how the fixed N-2 enters the soil and becomes available to the ecosystem. In this study, we applied N-15-ammonium chloride (N-15-NH4Cl) onto ca

Three types of estrogen receptors (ER) exist in the heart, Esr1, Esr2 and the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1, Gper1. However, their relative importance in mediating estrogen protective action is unknown. We found that, in the male mouse ventricle, Gper1 transcripts are three- and seventeen-fold more abundant than Esr1 and Esr2 mRNAs, respectively. Analysis of the three ER knockouts (Esr1-/-

Review of one monograph on the history of Norwegian feature films, and an anthology covering minor cinema.

Levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and total cholesterol are heritable, modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease. To identify new loci and refine known loci influencing these lipids, we examined 188,577 individuals using genome-wide and custom genotyping arrays. We identify and annotate 157 loci associated with

As children of 1871, Queen Victoria's generation was a victorious one that also knew the cruelties of war. The prime concept of Victoria's religious nationalisms was the religiously motivated monarchical principle, in the tradition of German Gottesgnadentum. As the matron of the Swedish nation, she saw her divine calling, understood according to Lutheran principles, as both a soldier and a nurse.

Abstract in UndeterminedAn analysis of the environmental effects and resource consumption by four systems for management of wastewater and organic household waste in a new city area have been performed, as follows: (1) conventional system complemented with advanced sludge treatment for phosphorus recovery, (2) blackwater system with urine diversion and food waste disposers, (3) blackwater system w

We used epitaxially grown monodisperse nanowire arrays to measure cellular forces with a spatial resolution of 1 mu m. Nerve cells were cultured on the array and cellular forces were calculated from the displacement of the nanowire tips. The measurements were done in situ on live cells using confocal microscopy, Forces down to 15 pN were measured on neural growth cones, showing that this method ca

Intracellular of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus content in phytoplankton cells is traditionally measured using concentrates containing thousands to millions of cells. In the present study, we used a nuclear microprobe (NMP) to determine C, N and P concentrations in single filaments of 3 cyanobacteria species: Anabaena sp., Nodularia spumigena and Aphanizomenon flosaquae var. klebahnii isolated fr

Using a novel dataset of regional GDP per worker from 1860 to 2009, this paper analyzes communalities in regional long-term growth trajectories for 24 Swedish regions. Wavelet Analysis and Principal Component Analysis are used to decompose regional growth trajectories and assess the extent that regional growth patterns share common trends and cyclical properties. The study found that regional grow

Economists' attempts to understand the relationship between the real and the financial eocnomy, and the impact of the latter on the former, go back to the origins of economics but they have gained renewed strength with the financial crisis of 2008 and the resulting economic crisis. The relationship real-finance is variously portrayed as being non-important, mutually beneficial, or destructive, rea

Hermit beetles of the genus Osmoderma (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) are known for their fruity odour, which is released in large amounts by males. Two species of the genus occur in Europe, the eastern Osmoderma barnabita (Motschulsky) and the western Osmoderma eremita (Scopoli). Previous studies on Swedish populations of O. eremita showed that the compound responsible for the characterist

Crisis management exercises sometimes produce weak or vague learning results with very limited applicability. This paper addresses these problems by developing a theoretical framework on learning from crisis management exercises. The framework focuses on necessary requirements and beneficial factors for the conceptual learning of individuals from discussion-based exercises. The variation theory of

Objective: To evaluate the ability of a postnatal weight-gain algorithm (WINROP) to identify sight-threatening retinopathy of prematurity (ROP type 1) in a nation-based extremely preterm infant cohort. Methods: This study enrolled all 707 live-born extremely preterm (gestational age [GA]

This study investigates the 2-year prospective association between exposure to negative acts at work and depression.