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Study region: The Paranapanema River Basin, located in southeastern Brazil, is characterized by a cascade of large hydropower plants regulated by a nationally coordinated dispatch system. This basin is a representative case of reservoir-regulated rivers in the country, where multiple dams interact to supply electricity while reshaping natural flow regimes. Study focus: This study examines hydropow
Background: Deep learning (DL)-based organ segmentation is increasingly used in radiotherapy. While methods exist to generate voxel-wise uncertainty maps from DL-based auto-segmentation models, these maps are rarely presented to clinicians. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of DL-generated uncertainty maps on experienced radiation oncologists during the manual correction of DL-based
Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4), the major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), is vital for understanding cellular processes involved in AD pathogenesis. Evidence implicates endosomes as a central player in AD, where endosomal enlargement in neurons is among the earliest changes in AD. This enlargement was reported to be enhanced in APOE4 carriers. Cells internalize ApoE into endosomes for
The Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act is a relatively new regulation set out in the European Union (EU). It lays out various requirements for AI systems that are placed on the market in the EU. This paper provides a critical and differentiated view of its requirements from a software engineering perspective. A detailed analysis of the legal document shows what requirements are set out for different
Mango production plays a vital role in rural livelihoods in Mozambique, yet post-harvest losses remain high, ranging from 25% to over 50%, due to inadequate preservation methods. Improved solar drying technologies offer a sustainable solution by extending shelf life and enhancing product quality. However, their adoption among smallholder mango farmers remains limited. This study investigates the k
Staphylococcus aureus remains one of the most elusive targets in bacterial vaccinology, primarily due to its complex immune evasion strategies and the phenomenon of immune imprinting. Despite decades of research and numerous clinical trials, no vaccine has demonstrated protective efficacy in humans. This review examines the underlying reasons for these failures and proposes a rational, integrati
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are pivotal post-transcriptional regulators that orchestrate gene expression programs governing cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Among their many targets, the WNT signaling pathway, a key driver of malignancy, is tightly controlled by miRNAs, forming intricate feedback loops that shape tumor behavior. Concurrently, flavonoids, naturally occ
Type 1 diabetes, formerly known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, results from the specific autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic islet beta cells. The subsequent loss of insulin leads to increased blood and urine glucose. The classical symptoms are polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia (increased hunger), and weight loss. The disease may be
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, including esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, liver, and colorectal malignancies, represent a major global health burden due to their high incidence, aggressive nature, and limited treatment outcomes. This review explores the therapeutic potential of carvacrol, a naturally occurring monoterpenoid phenol predominantly found in oregano and other aromatic plants. Carvacrol
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Background: Ageing-in-place policies have increasingly shifted elder care responsibilities onto family members. Among older cohabiting couples, one’s partner’s illness significantly impacts the other’s daily life and well-being.Aim: To explore the responsibilities and strategies of caregiving partners in older cohabiting couples from the perspectives of cohabiting caregivers.Methods: A qualitative
Introduction: Taxonomic instability within the dynamic gut microbiome of very preterm infants can be associated with various adverse outcomes. This longitudinal study was designed to follow the trajectory of microbiome composition and abundance in a cohort of probiotic supplemented very preterm infants with and without sepsis. Methods: Stool samples (n = 180) from probiotic-supplemented participan
The Value of Information from Bayesian decision theory can be used to drive decisions within the development of new technologies aiding research screening, technology characteristics, and employment optimization. The selection of a specific application of technology leads to the definition of the decision scenario within the Value of Information framework. Technological performance characteristics
Vacuum impregnation (Ⅵ) is a versatile processing technique that enhances the nutritional and functional properties of fruits and vegetables by infusing bioactive compounds into their porous structures. This study demonstrates the utility of Ⅵ for fortifying fresh mango with β-carotene, a critical nutrient for addressing vitamin A deficiency, and for mitigating nutrient loss during solar drying. F
Based on ethnographic observations, this article seeks to empirically illustrate how one of the main functions of the Smart City Expo in Barcelona in 2024 is to perform smartcity-as-ideology and its technological-solutionist stance that considerably narrows our understanding of urban problems and the solutions for it. The article introduces the Expo and describes our arrival and visit to the Expo.
Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of DNA helicase RecQL1 in cervical carcinoma and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN). Methods: The expression of DNA helicase RecQL1 were determined with reference to clinicopathological features and patient survival. 75 cervical carcinoma, 60 CIN and 20 normal control cases were collected for immunohistochemical analysis. Resu
Objective: To investigate the expression of Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1(PDK1), phosphorylated Pyruvate dehydrogenase (p-PDH) and Pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2 (PKM2) based on Warburg effect pathway in cervical cancer tissues, and explore the roles of these molecules on prognosis and recurrence after postoperative radiation. Methods: The expressions of PDK1, p-PDH and PKM2 in primary tissues
Precisely determining the oxidation states of metal cations within variable-valence transition metal oxides remains a significant challenge, yet it is crucial for understanding and predicting the properties of these technologically important materials. Iron oxides, in particular, exhibit a remarkable diversity of electronic structures due to the variable valence states of iron (Fe 2+ and Fe 3+). A
During the last decade the intersection between social welfare research and the ecological crisishas been gaining increasing interest through discussions about sustainable welfare and eco-social policies. Less attention has been paid, however, to eco-social risks and to how climatechange “will impact the nature and distribution of social risks across di!erent parts of thepopulation” (Hirvilammi et
